摘要
土洞(塌陷)的监测预警问题一直是国际上极具挑战性的课题。近年来,随着新技术的发展,特别是光电传感技术的应用,岩溶土洞(塌陷)预警监测已取得可喜的进展。本文通过对地质雷达监测法、剖面沉降监测法、InSar监测法、时域反射(TDR)同轴电缆监测法、基于岩溶管道裂隙水(气)压力监测的触发因素监测法、BOTDR及OTDR光纤传感监测法等适合于线性工程岩溶土洞(塌陷)的监测预报方法进行了系统分析比较,结果发现:单一方法在岩溶土洞(塌陷)的监测预警中都有其局限性;分布式TDR及BOTDR技术可有效确定岩溶塌陷的空间位置,但在埋设方面需进一步的研究;岩溶土洞(塌陷)的监测预警是一个系统工程,应考虑多种方法的综合运用。
Soil caves and sinkhole collapses are the main geological problem in linear engineering construction, such as highway, railway and oil pipeline in south-west of China. Controlled by karst development and groundwater fluctuation, soil cave usually forms indefinitely and develop upward progressively until sinkhole happens. So, it is very import to find an efficient way to monitor the soil cave formation in good season for decision maker to take treatment. In this paper, through comparison of monitoring methods used presently, including Ground Penetrating （GPR）, Horizontal Inclinometer Probe, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar （InSar）, real-time monitor of water pressure in karst opening, the Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry （BOTDR） and Time Domain Reflectometry （TDR）, it is indicated that any single method is insufficient, and that the BOTDR and TDR methods are the preferred techniques for soil cave and sinkhole monitoring along the linear engineering. But as the monitoring being a systematic engineering, each method has its limited condition, comprehensive methods should be considered.
出处
《中国岩溶》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第2期172-176,共5页
Carsologica Sinica
基金
国土资源部“百人计划”项目“线性工程岩溶土洞(塌陷)监测预警技术研究”
国家自然科学基金项目“抽水触发岩溶塌陷的耦合机理及临界条件试验研究”(编号40572164)
中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所所长基金项目“TDR技术在岩溶塌陷监测、预报中的应用研究”
关键词
线性工程
路基
岩溶塌陷
监测预警
linear engineering
subgrade
karst sinkhole
monitoring and prediction
