摘要
【目的】了解褐马鸡（Crossoptilon mantchuricum）春季栖息地的特征,为保护褐马鸡栖息地、维持种群发展提供依据。【方法】于2006-04-05,在陕西黄龙山林区,采用样带法对褐马鸡春季觅食地和休息地选择进行了研究,测定了9条样带上褐马鸡栖息地54个觅食地和28个休息地样方及54个对照样方的20个生态因子。【结果】在地形和距离因素方面,褐马鸡多偏向低海拔、下坡位、小坡度、距离水源和林间小路较近以及隐蔽级较小的地方觅食；中午休息地多选择在半阴半阳坡、坡度较小、距离林间小路较远以及隐蔽级较大的地方。在地植被因素方面,觅食地内乔木和灌木种类要少,乔木最大高度和最大胸径较大,乔木与灌丛密度、草本高度较低以及食物丰富度较大；休息地内乔木层盖度较大,灌丛密度和高度以及草本高度较小。逐步判别分析结果表明,对觅食地选择,与水源最近距离、乔木密度、乔木最大高度、灌木种类、灌丛密度和食物丰富度6个因子的判别能力最强,由这6个变量构成方程的判别准确率达96.29%,可以较好地将觅食地样方与对照样方分开；对休息地选择,坡度、坡向、与林间小路距离、灌丛密度、隐蔽级和乔木层盖度6个因子的判别能力最强,由这6个变量构成方程的判别准确率达92.68%,可以较好地将休息地样方与对照样方分开。【结论】与水源最近距离、乔木密度、乔木最大高度、灌木种类、灌丛密度和食物丰富度是觅食地选择的关键因子；坡度、坡向、与林间小路距离、灌丛密度、隐蔽级和乔木层盖度是休息地选择的关键因子。
【Objective】 The research was to know habitat selection of brown-eared pheasant（Crossoptilon mantchuricum）.【Method】 Foraging-sites and day-roosting were investigated in Huanglong Mountains of Shaanxi Province during April and May of 2006.Fifty-four foraging-sites and twenty day-roosting used by brown eared pheasant and fifty-four random plots were measured during 9 transects crossing the entire study area.【Result】 The results showed that brown-eared pheasant preferred foraging in areas where they were characterized by lower altitude and slope location,smaller slope degree,close to trail and water source,fewer type of trees,smaller density of trees,bigger maximal diameter of trees,higher upmost height of trees,fewer type of shrub,smaller density of shrub,more abundance of food,bigger cover-age of trees,smaller cover of shrub and sheltering class;Brown-eared pheasant like roosting in area where they were characterized by half sunny and half shady slope,smaller slope degree,far to trail and water source,bigger density and average height of shrub,bigger cover-age of trees and sheltering class.Comparing foraging-sites with random plots,distance to water source,density of trees,upmost height of trees,type of shrub,density of shrub and abundance of food were critically factors to discriminate foraging-sites and random plots.The overall classification model developed from those six variables was successful to distinguish used sites from random ones at probability of 96.29%;Slope degree,slope aspect,distance to road,sheltering class and cover of trees were critically factors to discriminate day roosting and random plots.The overall classification model developed from those six variables was successful in distinguishig used sites from random ones at probability of 92.68%.【Conclusion】 From the results,it was found that distance to water source,density of trees,upmost height of trees,type of shrub,density of shrub and abundance of food were critical factors in selecting foraging-sites while slope degree,slope aspect,distance to road,sheltering class and cover of trees were crucial in day-roosting.
出处
《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第4期228-234,共7页
Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
陕西省林业厅科技项目(08-0102)
国际泥沙研究培训中心项目(2005-01-05)
关键词
陕西黄龙山
褐马鸡
觅食地
休息地
逐步判别分析
Huanglong Mountains of Shaanxi Province
Crossoptilon mantchuricum
foraging-site
day-roosting
stepwise discriminant analysis Huanglong Mountains of Shaanxi Province
Crossoptilon mantchuricum
foraging-site
day-roosting
stepwise discriminant analysis Huanglong Mountains of Shaanxi Province
Crossoptilon mantchuricum
foraging-site
day-roosting
stepwise discriminant analysis Huanglong Mountains of Shaanxi Province
Crossoptilon mantchuricum
foraging-site
day-roosting
stepwise discriminant analysis Huanglong Mountains of Shaanxi Province
Crossoptilon mantchuricum
foraging-site
day-roosting
stepwise discriminant analysis
