摘要
利用广西90个站49a（1956-2004年）的冰雹资料，采用回归统计、天气概念模型等方法分析了广西冰雹的活动特点，结果表明：处在低纬地区的广西，冰雹天气与地形密切相关，与海拔高度呈正相关，具有“北多南少、西多东少、川区比沿海多”的特点：地处云贵高原余脉的百色、河池是冰雹的频发区；冰雹发生与年平均气温相关性不太明显，但具有明显的日变化特征，多出现在个后14-19时；2-5月是广西冰雹发生的主要季节，尤其集中发生在3-5月，原因是春夏之交是冷暖空气活跃、交绥最明显的时期，由此春末夏初冰雹个大、发生频次高。大范围冰雹过程根据环流特点可分为南支槽型、高原东部深槽型、华北深槽型，其中南支槽是广西冰雹天气的最主要影响系统。
With the hailstone data from 90 stations from 1956 to 2004, by the methods of regressive statistic and the model of weather concept, the activity characteristics of hailstone in Guangxi are analyzed. The results indicate： in Guangxi, the hailstone weather has a close relationship to landform, and a positive correlation with local altitude, but an unapparent one with annual average air temperature. The distribution of hailstone is characterized by that hailstone in the north is more than that in the south, more in the west than in the east, and more in mountainous areas than in the coastland. Baise and Hechi, located at the margin of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, are of high frequency hailstone occurrence, where Fengshan and Napo are their centers respectively. The main season of hailstone occurrence is the period from February to May, especially from March to May. The hailstone with diameter of above 20 mm occurs in April or May generally. The reason is that cold and warm air mass is the most active during the spring-summer joint. Since in the afternoon the sunlight irradiation increases the instability of air mass, leading to the ascending motion, the hailstone occurrence has obvious daily variation, and 63 % of the hailstone occurs in the period from 14 to 19 o＇clock. The wide range hailstone weather can be classified into three types： eastern highland deep slot type： south branch slot type and north China deep slot type. Guangxi is located in south branch front area of subtropical ridge fringe, where both cold and warm air masses are active, and they encounter in the air layer close to the ground, so the south branch slot is excitated easily. Therefore, the south branch slot type is the main circulation situation leading to hailstone weather.
出处
《热带地理》
2008年第2期119-123,171,共6页
Tropical Geography
基金
广西科技厅攻关项目(桂科攻0632006–10)
广西气象局重点科研项目(QK200603)
关键词
冰雹
时空分布
广西
hailstone： spatial-temporal distribution： Guangxi
