摘要
浅沟侵蚀是黄土丘陵沟壑区重要的侵蚀类型,浅沟水流的水动力学参数研究是建立浅沟侵蚀物理模型或概念模型的基础。以黄土丘陵沟壑区延安市燕儿沟小流域的坡地为对象,通过野外放水冲刷实验,对浅沟水流的水动力学参数变化特征进行研究。结果表明:浅沟水流属于紊流范围,大多数情况下是急流;在坡度18°左右时,携沙水流的流速最小,阻力最大,此时水流的能量分配在侵蚀与携沙之间达到平衡;浅沟水流在坡度26°左右时流速达到最大,水流功率达到最大,最利于浅沟侵蚀的发生和发展。研究结果可为黄土区浅沟侵蚀物理模型的建立提供理论支撑。
Ephemeral gully erosion is an important erosion type in Loess Plateau. Study of the hydrodynamic parameters of ephemeral gully flow is the base of establishing process-based or conceptual water erosion models. Hydrodynamic parameters were studied by scouring experiment on the slope of Yanergou watershed. It was concluded that ephemeral gully flow is turbulent flow, mostly is supercritical flow, and nearby the slope of 18° the power distribution of ephemeral gully flow was balanced between erosion and sediment transport, and nearby the slope of 26° the velocity and the stream power of ephemeral gully flow are the biggest and then this slope gradient is the best for the generation and development of ephemeral gully erosion.
出处
《中国水土保持科学》
CSCD
2008年第1期93-100,共8页
Science of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金“黄土丘陵区坡面浅沟侵蚀过程及预报模型研究”(40471080,42201903)
关键词
浅沟侵蚀
水动力学参数
黄土丘陵沟壑区
ephemeral gully erosion
hydrodynamic parameter
hilly area of Loess Plateau
