摘要
目的了解维持性血液透析患者营养状况及发生营养不良的常见膳食危险因素,为针对性营养干预提供依据。方法采用主观全面评定法评估116名维持性血液透析患者的营养状态,同时采用连续4日24小时膳食回顾法了解实际摄入内容,并进行必要的人体测量及营养生化指标检测。结果12.1%(14例)的患者为C级,属重度营养不良;40.5%(47例)的患者为B级,属轻中度营养不良。人体测量和营养生化指标检测结果显示,单一指标营养不良的发生率为20%～80%。膳食回顾分析结果显示,维持性血液透析患者的热能、蛋白质、脂肪和锌、硒等微量元素摄入均明显低于膳食推荐摄入量(P<0.05)。危险因素相关性分析结果表明,患者的年龄、透析时间和碳水化合物摄入量与营养不良发生显著相关(P<0.05)。结论维持性血液透析患者营养不良发生比例很高,热能和多种营养素摄入不足。年龄、透析时间和热能摄入不足可能是导致营养不良的重要原因。
Objective To investigate the nutritional status of maintenance hemodialysis patients and analyze the diet risk factors of malnutrition. Methods We used subjective global assessment （SGA） to evaluate the nutritional status of 116 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, and carried out a 4-day retrospective 24-hour diet survey. Results SGA showed that 14 patients （ 12. 1% ） were at C grade （ severe malnutrition）, and 47 patients （40.5 % ） were at B grade （ mild or moderate malnutrition）. Biochemistry and somatometric measurement showed that the malnutrition incidence was 20%-80%. Food intake survey indicated that the intakes of energy, protein, fat, zinc, and selenium were significantly lower in maintenance hemodialysis patients than in normal population （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Age, dialysis duration, and carbohydrate intake were positively correlated with the incidence of malnutrition （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions The incidence of malnutrition in maintenance hemodialysis patients is high, and the intakes of energy and other nutrients are insufficient. Age, dialysis duration, and energy intake may be the important cause for malnutrition.
出处
《中国临床营养杂志》
2007年第6期359-363,共5页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition
基金
国家中医药管理局中医药研究技术专项中医临床研究课题资助项目(国中医药科02-03LP02)
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(973计划)(2005CB523503)
