摘要
稀土元素具有许多独特的性质，少量稀土元素的存在能极大地影响金属材料的结构与性能。本文在分析稀土元素热力学特性的基础上，从物理化学角度和复合材料结构与性能的关系上，讨论了稀土元素对金属基复合材料的影响。在铝基复合材料中加入Ｌａ系元素后，由于形成了Ａｌ－Ｌａ金属间化合物，从而使其耐热性能有明显增加，同时稀土元素的加入也可使Ａｌ基体晶粒细化，使复合材料的综合机械性能得到改善，此外还有提高耐腐蚀性能的效果。在镁基复合材料方面，由于加入稀土元素后可增加镁合金的力学性能并可提高其耐温性，而且改善其加工性能，因而扩大了选择镁合金作为复合材料基体的应用范围。关于最近研制成功的纳米级Ｍｇ－Ｙ金属间化合物颗粒原位增强复合材料方向，由于所生成的颗粒很细，使该种复合材料的延伸率大大提高，而且还具有高温强度高又耐腐蚀的特点。
The addition of small quantities of rare-earth elements may have strong effects on the structure and properties of the solvate metal For example, when La is added into an Al matrix composites, the thermal resistance increases strongly due to the formation of an Al-La intermetallic compound At the same time as a result of a refinement of the grain size of the Al matrix, the comprehensive mechanical properties are improved and the anticorrosive property is also increases When a rare-earth element is added to Mg alloys, the mechanical properties, thermal resistance and processing properties improve, so that the scope of application of Mg alloy can be expanded into a matrix of composites In the case of nano scale Mg-Y composites reinforced by in-situ intermettallic compound particulates, which is a recent development, the elongation is greatly improved as a result of the fineness reinforcing particles is very fine, and the high temperature strength and anti-corrosive properties are also good
出处
《稀有金属材料与工程》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1997年第3期53-58,共6页
Rare Metal Materials and Engineering
关键词
稀土元素
金属基复合材料
热力学特性
rare-earth element, metal matrix composites, thermodynamic chacteristics,
