摘要
口蹄疫病毒能引起牛、羊等偶蹄动物发生高度接触性的传染病口蹄疫,该病常常影响着全球畜牧业的发展。FMDV是小RNA病毒科口蹄疫病毒属的成员,口蹄疫病毒为单股正链RNA病毒,病毒基因组全长约8.5 kb,基因组分为5′非编码区、3′非编码区和一个开放阅读框(ORF)。基因组的中部是一大的开放阅读框,编码一多聚蛋白,多聚蛋白在翻译的同时,经二级裂解后,形成3种病毒结构蛋白(VP0,VP3和VP1)和8种非结构蛋白(L,2A,2B,2C,3A,3B,3C和3D)。其中3C全长639 bp,编码213个氨基酸。3C蛋白酶是小RNA病毒的共同裂解酶,在多聚蛋白成熟过程中起着极为重要的作用,且在抗病毒药物打靶方面具有一定研究价值。因此,对3C蛋白酶的结构及功能研究进展进行综述很有必要。
Foot-and-mouth disease virus （FMDV） causes Foot-and-mouth disease（FMD） of cloven-hoofed animals including cattle, sheep, et al. FMD is a highly contagious and economically devastating disease, which can impress the development of the stockbreeding of the world . FMDV belongs to the genus Aphthovirus of the family Picornaviridae. Its genome consists of a positive single-stranded RNA molecule of 8, 500 nt that is translated to give a polyprotein, which is proteolytically processed to yield the mature structural and nonstructural viral proteins. The coding region can be divided into three distinct regions： P1 （encoding capsid proteins VP0, VP3, and VP1, in that order）, P2 （nonstructural proteins）, and P3 （non- structural proteins including the viral replicase ）. The 3C protease from foot-and-mouth disease virus is critical for viral pathogenesis, having vital roles in both the processing of the polyprotein precursor and RNA replication. Although recent structural and functional studies have revealed new insights into the mechanism and function of the enzyme, key questions remain that must be addressed before the potential of FMDV 3Cpro as an antiviral drug target can be realised.
出处
《动物医学进展》
CSCD
2007年第9期87-90,共4页
Progress In Veterinary Medicine
