摘要
旅游生态足迹方法是评价旅游对生态环境影响的新方法。介绍了旅游生态足迹理论与方法,对海南省外来旅游者生态足迹进行了测评研究。结果表明,2004年海南省外来旅游者人均生态足迹和总生态足迹分别为0.1149hm2和147.63×104hm2,分别是海南省本底人均生态足迹和本底总生态足迹的5.7%和9.0%,对海南省人均生态赤字和总生态赤字的贡献分别为16.9%和24.4%;在旅游活动各要素中,交通生态足迹所占比例最大,为64.3%,乘坐小汽车的旅游者仅占总数的12.5%,但却占着交通生态足迹的56.9%;在旅游者生态足迹类型中,化石能源用地所占比例最大,为77.4%。单位旅游生态足迹产值为940美元/hm2,是海南省本底单位生态足迹产值的1.56倍,但仅占全球平均水平的85%。单位旅游娱乐生态足迹产值高,而旅游交通、饮食的生态足迹产值低。由此表明,旅游活动是一种对自然资源高需求和高消耗的综合性生活方式,是影响旅游目的地生态环境的重要因素。旅游交通是旅游活动生态占用的主要因素,通方式决定着旅游交通生态足迹的大小。旅游业比当地各行业平均水平具有较高的经济效益。
Tourism ecological footprint is a new method to assess tourism effect on ecological environment. This paper introduced the theory and method of tourism ecological footprint, evaluated ecological footprint of external tourists in Hainan province. The results indicated that, in 2004 per capita ecological footprint and the total ecological footprint of external tourists are 0.1149 hm^2 and 147.63 × 10^4 hm^2, accounting for 5.7% of per capita background ecological footprint and 9.0% of the total background ecological footprint, as well as 16.9% of per capita ecological deficit and 24.4% of the total ecological deficit of Hainan province; Among all the factors of tourism activities, the traffic ecological footprint ranked in the first place and reached 64.3 %. of which, external Tourists by car occupied 56.9% of the total traffic ecological footprint; Among all the types of tourism ecological footprint, the fossil energy land occupied 77.4% ; The annual average tourism value per hectare ecological footprint produced by external tourists is about 940 US Dollars. It is 1.56 times of that of Hainan province and 85 % of that of the world ; Tourism entertainment ecological footprint possessed very high unit value, but very low for traffic and dietetic ecological footprint. The above results indicated that tourism activities is such a comprehensive life style that demands and consumes natural resources greatly, and also an important effect factor on ecological environment of tourism destination; Tourism traffic is a main factor of tourism ecological footprint; Traffic manners determined the size of traffic ecological footprint; Tourism industry possessed a higher economic benefit than the average benefit of all kinds of local industries.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第5期145-151,共7页
Resources Science
基金
国家软科学项目:"海南可持续发展水资源战略研究"(编号:2003DGQ3D129)
关键词
外来旅游者
旅游者生态足迹
旅游可持续发展
海南省
External tourists
Tourist ecological footprint
Sustainable tourism development
Hainan Province
