摘要
通过定株观察、解剖和人工套袋交叉授粉试验对连翘花的生长发育和繁殖系统进行研究。结果表明：（1）连翘具有2种避免自交的方式，雌雄异位和雌雄异熟。其雌雄异位表现为长雄蕊短雌蕊花型和短雄蕊长雌蕊花型；雌雄异熟表现为长雄蕊短雌蕊花型为雄蕊先于雌蕊成熟，短雄蕊长雌蕊花型表现为雌蕊先于雄蕊成熟。（2）连翘花P／O值测定和户外套袋交叉授粉试验显示，P／O值为2000±300；不同类型花的异花授粉结果率在50．64％～80．32％，其中短型仡的花粉授到长型花柱头的结果率最高，达80．32％，而长型花和短型花的同型花授粉结果率分别为2．92％和34．15％，表明连翘的异花授粉结果率高于白花授粉，以异交为主，其繁育系统属兼性异交。研究结果认为，连翘雌雄异位和雌雄异熟是其自然结果率低下的主要原因，为进一步探讨连翘在木犀科中的系统进化提供了生殖生态学的依据。
Position observation, anatomical dissection and bagged cross pollination were adopted to study flower structure and reproduction system of Forsythia suspensa Vahl. It was showed that F. suspensa had two mechanism to avoid autogamy, herkogamy and dichogamy. Its herkogamy took the forms of the flowers with long stamens and short pistils and the flowers with short stamens and long pistils and its dichogamy took the form of the long-stamen and short-pistil flowers in which the long stamens became earlier than the short pistils and the form of the short-stamen and long-pistil flowers in which the pistils matured earlier than the stamens. （2） Field measurements and bagged pollinations indicated that in the flowers of F. suspensa,the P/O ratio was 2 000 ± 300 and the rates of different types of cross pollination ranged within 50. 64% -80.32% ;herein,the short-type flowers pollinated the long-type flowers at 80.32% and the longtype flowers and the short-type flowers self-pollinated at 2.92% and 34.15%, respectively; This indicated that F. suspensa had a higher fruit-setting rate with cross pollination than with self-pollination and its cross pollination dominated and its reproduction system belonged to facultative xenogamy. It was concluded that its herkogamy and dichogamy were the reasons for its low fruiting setting rate and thus the result formed a basis in reproductive ecology for further studying the phylogeny of F. suspensa in Oleaceae.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第8期1548-1553,共6页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
自选研究
关键词
连翘
开花特性
繁育系统
传粉生态
P/O比
异型花柱
Forsythia suspensa Vaht
flowering habit
reproduction system
pollination ecology
P/O ratio
heterostyled
