摘要
氢能以其清洁,来源及用途广泛等优点成为最有希望的替代能源之一,用可再生能源制氢是氢能发展的必然趋势。由于生物质制氢具有一系列独特的优点,它已成为发展氢经济颇具前景的研究领域之一。生物质制氢技术可以分为两类,一类是以生物质为原料利用热物理化学方法制取氢气,如生物质气化制氢,超临界转化制氢,高温分解制氢等热化学法制氢,以及基于生物质的甲烷、甲醇、乙醇的化学重整转化制氢等;另一类是利用生物转化途径转换制氢,包括直接生物光解,间接生物光解,光发酵,光合异养细菌水气转移反应合成氢气,暗发酵和微生物燃料电池等技术。综述了目前主要的生物质制氢技术及其发展概况,并分析了各技术的发展趋势。
As a flexible energy carrier that can be produced from a variety of resources and with comprehensive uses, hydrogen is one of the most promising substitutes for fossil. It is certain that renewablebased hydrogen will be quite important in the future especially hydrogen from biomass which has series of unique merits. Technologies of hydrogen production from biomss mainly contains two kinds of processes, one is thermochemical route, including biomass/waste gasification, biomass pyrolysis, hydrogen from biomass-derived methane/methanol/ethanol; The other is biological route, including direct biophotolysis, indirect biophotolysis, photo fermentation, hydrogen synthesis via the water-gas-shift reaction of photoheterotrophic bacteria, dark fermentation and microbial fuel cells etc. The developments of various hydrogen production processes biomass are imtroduced and updated, and the trends of these processes are indicated.
出处
《中国生物工程杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第5期107-112,共6页
China Biotechnology
关键词
生物质
制氢
气化
高温分解
超临界水
微生物电池
Biomass Hydrogen production Gasification Pyrolysis Supercritical water Microbial fuel cells
