摘要
目的了解中国出生缺陷监测现状及存在的问题。方法利用世界卫生组织出版的世界出生缺陷地图集数据,以Excel 2000和SPSS 10．0软件进行描述性分析。结果中国出生缺陷监测系统特点如下:(1)监测种类少,缺少13三体、18三体和先天性心脏病的数据;(2)体表性缺陷顺次居前,中国系统的唇裂和多指／趾畸形均排在全世界第五名;(3)潜隐性缺陷顺次靠后,中国系统的唐氏综合征发生率最低,排在第56名,北京系统是57个国家／地区中惟一没有报告唐氏综合征的;(4)缺陷类型间顺次不合理,全世界唇裂和腭裂平均发生水平相近(1．58倍)、分别排在27种出生缺陷类型的第3位和第4位;而中国系统和北京系统的发生水平相差悬殊,唇裂发生水平分别是腭裂的5．76倍和4．02倍;顺次分别间隔34位和47位。中国两个系统对无脑儿和无耳／小耳畸形的正向贡献率最大,可使全世界平均发生水平提高10．39个百分点;脊柱裂、脑积水和腹裂畸形的正向贡献率在4-5 个百分点之间;唇裂和多指／趾畸形的正向贡献率也在3个百分点以上。内脏畸形或染色体疾病等不易察觉的出生缺陷类型,中国均为负向贡献。尿道下裂的负向贡献率最大,可使全世界平均发生水平下降4．13个百分点;唐氏综合征其次,下降3．02个百分点。结论 1993-1998年数据分析表明,中国出生缺陷监测存在明显问题,监测能力有待提高。
Objective To understand the status and capacity of monitoring system on birth defects in China. Methods Data regarding 27 groups of birth defects from 57 monitoring programs in World Atlas of Birth Defects （2nd Edition） published by WHO/ICBDMS/EUROCAT/ttGP and descriptive analysis by their ranking and contribution were carried out. Results Both hospital-based （Chinese Birth Defects Monitoring Network, CBDMN） and population-based （Birth Defect Surveillance System in Thirty Counties of Four Provinces, Beijlng） monitoring systems showed the same characteristics as below： （1） Not enough groups were monitored, with trisomy 13/18 and congenital heart disease not reported. （2） Prevalence on those＇easily observed＇ group was high and cleft lip with or without cleft palate in CBDMN ranked 5 among 57 programs, with similar situation in polydactyly. （3） While prevalence rates of internal system and choromosal anomaly were low, CBDMN ranked 56 with Beijing the only non-reported city among all the 57 programs. （4） Unreasonable relationship was seen with prevalence of cleft lip was 5.76,4.02 times higher than that of cleft palate in CBDMN and in Beijing program. Which was 1.58 times of the world＇s means. Prevalence rates of anencephaly and total anotia/microtia rose 10.39% while spina bifida,hydrocephaly,and gastroschisis had a 4%- 5% increase, The prevalence of hypospadias decreased by 4.13% and Down syndrome by 3.02%. Conclusion The capacity of birth defects monitoring, both hospital-based and population-based,was poor in the 1990s,in China,
出处
《中华流行病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第5期392-395,共4页
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
基金
国家"973"项目资助(2001CB5103)国家杰出青年基金资助项目(300025042)
关键词
出生缺陷
顺位
贡献率
监测能力
Birth defects
Rank
Contribution
Monitoring capacity
