摘要
背景:数据报告非洲地区撒哈拉以南的16个国家艾滋病病毒感染者多达2450万。目的:了解居于撒哈拉腹地的毛里塔尼亚育龄期妇女人类免疫缺陷病毒的感染及类型,为艾滋病的防治工作提供研究方向和基本资料。设计:随机抽样调查。单位:苏州大学放射医学与公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,哈尔滨医科大学碘缺乏病研究所,哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室。对象:调查于2001-03/2001-06在毛里塔尼亚14个行政区(省)进行,纳入标准:毛里塔尼亚14个行政区(省)育龄期妇女,年龄15～49岁,均知情同意。排除标准:拒绝调查及非育龄期妇女。总数为331548名,拟抽样调查4000～6000名,抽样率为1.2%～1.8%。方法:抽查育龄期妇女,采静脉血、分离血清;用酶联免疫吸附试验做初筛试验,用蛋白印迹试验做确证试验,检测人类免疫缺陷病毒的感染及其类型;用每个行政区人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的检出率乘以该行政区育龄期妇女数,即为该行政区育龄妇女人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的估计人数。主要观察指标:检测人类免疫缺陷病毒的感染及其类型;计算不同城市、不同人群的人类免疫缺陷病毒感染率,并加以分析。结果:艾卡欧特行政区(省)因故未调查,在13个行政区中抽查了4648名,抽样率为1.4%。在4648名15～49岁育龄期妇女中,检出人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者24例,总感染率为0.516%。其中,人类免疫缺陷病毒-1型22例,人类免疫缺陷病毒-2型2例;有5个城市感染率在0.50%～1.01%之间,有3个城市感染率在0～0.50%之间,有5个城市未检出;15～29岁人类免疫缺陷病毒感染23例,占95.83%;在全国13个主要城市中,人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者总数估计在1400例左右。结论:毛里塔尼亚13个主要城市育龄期妇女人类免疫缺陷病毒总感染率为0.516%;人类免疫缺陷病毒感染以人类免疫缺陷病毒-1型为主;人类免疫缺陷病毒感染有地区差异;15～29岁人类免疫缺陷病毒感染占95%以上;毛里塔尼亚艾滋病的流行态势属于传入后的传播扩散阶段。
BACKGROUND： Data suggested that there were 24.5 million of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） infected women in 16 countries in southern Sahara Africa. OBJECTIVE： To survey the HIV infection status among women in reproductive age in Mauritania so as to provide research direction and basic data for prevention and treatment of immunodeficiency diseases. DESIGN： Random sampling survey. SETTING： Epidemic Disease ＆ Health Statistics Department of Radiation Medicine and Public Health College of Suzhou University; Institute of Iodin Absence of Harbin Medical University; and Public Health College and Epidemic Disease ＆ Health Statistics Department of Harbin Medical University. PARTICIPANTS： The survey was conducted in the 14 main cities of the whole country from March to June 2001. Inclusion criteria： Women were in reproductive age, aged 15-49 years, from Mauritania; and all told the fact. Exclusion criteria： Women refused survey and not in reproductive age were excluded. Among 331 548 women, 4 000-6 000 samples were surveyed and the sampling rate was 1.2%-1.8%. METHODS： Venous blood and isolated sera of women in reproductive age were collected. Sera were detected by ELISA test and confirmed by Westem Blot test in order to know HIV infection and its subtypes. The detection rates of different population and cities were calculated and made statistical analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The infection and subtypes of HIV; infected rate of HIV among different crowd in different cities. RESULTS： Among 4 648 women in reproductive age in 13 provinces, 24 infected eases aged of 15-49 years were found with the infected rate of 0.516%, of them 22 cases were infected with HIV-1 and 2 cases were infected with HIV-2. The detection rates were 0.500%-1.010% （5 cities）, 0- 0.500% （3 cities） and 0% （5 cities） respectively. The age of 95.83% of the total infected cases was 15-29 years. The number of the HIV-infected cases was about 1 400 persons among women in reproductive age in 13 main cities. CONCLUSION： The total HIV-infected detection rate was 0.516% among women in reproductive age in 13 main cities of Mauritania. HIV-1 2 was the dominant subtype. HIV infection was different among regions. HIV-inletted cases aged 15-29 constituted more than 95% of the total cases. The prevalent trend of AIDS was in the stage of transmission after importing.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第48期176-178,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
