摘要
小型反应堆按技术路线的不同大致可分为轻水堆、高温气冷堆、液态金属冷却快中子反应堆和熔盐反应堆四大类。文章描述了目前核电反应堆容量的状况,分析了小型化反应堆的现状和发展趋势,简要叙述了大型反应堆与小型反应堆的用途区别,并阐述了小型反应堆所具有的某些优势,及多个国家正在开发的小型核电反应堆的特点和状况。
The small reactors can be divided in terms of technology route into four major categories： light water reactor （LWR）, high temperature gas-cooled reactor（HTGR）, liquid metal-cooled fast breeder reactor and molten salt reactor. This paper describes capacity status of nuclear power reactors, analyzes current situation and development trend of small capacity reactors, briefly describes the function differences between large and small capacity reactors, and some advantages of small capacity reactors. It introduces the characteristics and development status of several types of small reactors being developed by different countries.
关键词
小型核电反应堆
高温气冷堆
快中子反应堆
熔盐反应堆
模块化
small reactor
high temperature gas-cooled reactor （HTGR）
fast neutron breeder reactor
molten salt reactor
modularization
