摘要
在滴灌条件下,利用反射仪测定了棉花不同生育期植株硝酸盐含量,对棉花植株氮素营养诊断及氮肥推荐进行了田间试验。结果表明,盛蕾期、初花期、盛花期和初铃期的倒4叶叶柄硝酸盐含量与施氮量之间呈极显著线性相关。各生育期植株硝酸盐含量与产量之间也具有极显著相关性。由此确定了棉花盛蕾期、初花期、盛花期和初铃期的硝酸盐临界值,分别为5 710,9 450,6 885,7 729 mg/L。用一元二次模型模拟氮肥与产量之间的关系,得到在滴灌条件下,最佳皮棉产量为2 728.8 kg/hm2,对应的最佳施氮量为229.5 kg/hm2。根据棉花各生育期植株硝酸盐浓度与施氮量和产量之间的关系,建立了各生育期氮肥推荐模型,并根据模型计算出了棉花各生育阶段不同硝酸盐测试值对应的氮肥追肥用量。
The experimental area is located in Kongque Farm, Yuli County, Xinjiang. In the area the annual precipitation is 45 mm only, the annual evaporation, however, is as high as 2 200 mm. The area is rich in sunshine, the sunshine duration is 3 023 hours, the accumulated temperature ≥10℃ is 4 200℃, and the frost-free period is 184 days. In this paper, the nitrate concentrations in cotton plants at the different cotton growth stages are measured with reflectance meter under drip irrigation in a field in the experimental area, and an experimental study on the recognition of N-nutrient in cotton plants and the recommended quantities of applied nitrogenous fertilizer at the different cotton growth stages is carried out. The results show that there is a significant linear correlation between the NO3^- concentrations in the 4th expanding petiole of cotton plants and the quantity of applied nitrogenous fertilizer at the maximum budding stage, early florescence, maximum florescence and early boll stage. There is also a significant correlation between the nitrate concentration in cotton plants and the cotton yield, thus it is determined that the critical values of nitrate concentrations at the maximum budding stage, early florescence, maximum florescence and early boll stage of cotton plants are 5 710, 9 450, 6 885 and 7 729 mg/L respectively. The relationship between the quantity of applied nitrogenous fertilizer and the cotton yield is simulated, the results shows that, under drip irrigation in south Xinjiang, the highest lint yield is 2 728.8 kg/hm^2, and the optimal quantity of applied nitrogenous fertilizer is 229.5 kg N/ hm^2. Based upon the relationships between the nitrate concentration in cotton plants, quantity of applied nitrogenous fertilizer and cotton yield, the recommended models are developed for applying nitrogenous fertilizer at the four different cotton growth stages, and the quantities of applied nitrogenous fertilizer corresponding to the different tested values of nitrate concentration in cotton plants at the four cotton growth stages are calculated with the recommended models.
出处
《干旱区研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期541-546,共6页
Arid Zone Research
基金
中国科学院农办项目(NB15-E-02)
农业部"引进国际先进农业科学技术"重大国际合作项目(2003-Z53)
中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX1-08-01-03)
关键词
棉花
营养诊断
氮肥推荐
滴灌
指标体系
cotton
recognition of nutrient
nitrogenous fertilizer
recommended model
drip irrigation.
