摘要
目的总结眼外肌肥大的病因,并对影像学检查的诊断价值进行探讨。方法对249例CT或MRI检查显示眼外肌肥大的病例进行回顾性分析,并对病因进行分析和分类。结果炎症、血管畸形、肿瘤、感染、外伤等皆可是眼外肌肥大的病因。导致眼外肌肥大的疾病按发病率由高到低依次为甲状腺相关眼病、眼眶炎性假瘤、颈动脉海绵窦瘘、眶蜂窝织炎、转移性肿瘤、静脉曲张、眶骨骨折等。甲状腺相关眼病的眼外肌肥大以肌腹肥大为主,肌腱止点一般正常。炎性假瘤受累肌肉呈不规则增粗,边缘模糊,病变大多累及肌肉的止点。颈动脉海绵窦瘘通常为单眼眼外肌呈弥漫梭形肥厚。结论影像学检查包括CT和MRI扫描能够揭示眼外肌肥大的病因特征,并可作为鉴别诊断的依据。
Objective To conclusion the etiology of extraocular muscle enlargement and discussion the value of CT and MRI. Methods A retrospective analysis was made of 249 patients with enlarged extraocular muscles found by CT or MRI, and their causes and classification were analyzed. Results The causes of muscle disease were inflammatory, vascular, neoplastic, infective, and traumatic processes and so on. The common diseases which can lead to extraocular muscle enlargement from high to low were thyroid associated ophthalmopathy, orbital pseudotumor, carotid- cavernous sinus fistulas, orbital cellulitis, metastatic tumors, orbital varix, orbital fractures and so on. The muscle bellies had smooth margins and usually tapered uniformly into the tendons in thyroid associated ophthalmopathy. Involvement of 4the muscle tendon （thickening between the anterior muscle belly and the globe） is seen in pseudotumor, carotid - cavernous fistulas caused uni- lateral moderately enlargement of several muscles of the affected orbit. Conclusions Image examination included CT and MRI scan can disclose the typical features of the etiology for extraocular muscle enlargement, and can be referred to the differential diagnosis.
出处
《中国实用眼科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第11期1238-1242,共5页
Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology
关键词
眼外肌肥大
病因
诊断
体层摄像术
X线计算机
磁共振成像
Extraocular muscle enlargement
Etiology
Diagnosis
Tomography
X -ray computed
Magnetic resonance imaging
