摘要
本文报道了涝害对水稻生育的影响及抗涝措施的对策。研究结果表明，水稻受淹时，由于缺氧消耗大量呼吸基质，碳水化合物及可溶性糖明显减少，部分茎蘖死亡。存活茎蘖也发生叶片枯萎，绿叶面积减少，根系活力低，叶绿素ａ、ｂ比值下降，叶质变劣，严重影响排水后的植株生长恢复，株高矮、生育期推迟，无效穗、空秕粒增多，千粒重低，减产显著。研究认为，易涝地区选用高产耐淹品种，培育健壮个体是积极有效的预防措施；灾后加强扶理，增施肥料，喷施生长调节剂是恢复生长的弥补措施；晚稻秧苗被毁后，直播速生晚粳是有效的急救措施。
The effect of water-logged on growth and development and the measures to water-resistance in rice were studied in present paper The results were shown that the carbohydrate and soluble sugar, under water-logged, were reduced pronouncedly in rice, untill the stems and tillers became to die, becanse the respirable material were largely consumed during anaerobic respiration The leaf wilt was also happened in survived stems and tillers, and such phenomena, reduced green leaf area, decreased root vitality, lower the a∶b ratio of chlorophyll and poor leaf quality, were found, these affected severe the recovering of growth after water-logged, and caused dwarfing plant height, delayed the growth period, increased the non-productive panicles and empty or blighred grains, olwered 1000-grain weight and reduced yield remarkably It was thought that the selection and utilization of high-yield and flood-resistant varieties, and cultivating ng individual are effective and economical preautionary measures in area water-logged easy appeared, after flood, what help and support the plant, apply fertilizer and spray growth regulator were important measures to recovering growth. If the seeding of late rice was damaged by flood, cultivation by direct seeding with rapid-growth late rice Japonica varieties would be an effective remedial measure.
出处
《浙江农业学报》
CSCD
1995年第2期65-71,共7页
Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis
关键词
水稻
涝害
生存能力
恢复能力
抗逆措施
Oryza sativa L
Water logging
Surviving ability
Recovering ability
Respiratory material
