摘要
目的评价和比较家庭社会经济状况比较优裕的学生群体中男女生低体质量和肥胖流行情况。方法2004年10月采用自填问卷方式对北京市某重点中学高二年级学生进行了现况调查,获得有效样本353例。一月后又根据该校医务室同年10月的体检记录,核实了78名学生,两次身高和体质量数据的相关系数分别为0.99和0.98。采用全国不同年龄不同性别体质量指数(BMl)的第10百分位数判断低体质量,采用中国学生BMI体质量超标和肥胖筛查标准判定体质量超标与肥胖。结果学生家长的文化程度80%多在大专以上,职业以干部或教师为主。男女生低体质量检出率分别是6.2%和11.6%(P=0.10,把握度=0.43);体质量超标检出率分别为13.0%和3.9%,前者是后者的3.3(95%CI∶1.52～7.48)倍;肥胖检出率分别是10.3%和3.4%,前者是后者的3.0(95%CI∶1.27～7.26)倍。调查还发现19.8%的男生和33.8%的女生曾有过减肥经历(P<0.01);根据BMI判定标准,44.9%的自认为肥胖的男生被判为体质量超标或肥胖,而女生该比例却降为13.7%(P<0.01)。结论家庭社会经济状况比较好的男生群体肥胖问题尤显突出,而女生群体低体质量问题更值得关注,与追求“形体美”有关的减肥经历可能是导致女生低体质量的主要因素之一。
Objective To evaluate and compare the prevalence of low weight, overweight and obesity by sex among high school students with high social economic status. Methods A prevalence study was conducted by using selfcompleted questionnaires among junior students of a high school in Beijing in October 2004, and 353 effective samples（male： 146, female：207） were obtained. A month late, the height and weight of 78 students were checked by reviewing the latest physical examination records kept in the school clinic. The data from two sources were almost the same with correlation coefficients of 0.99 （P 〈 0.01 ）, for height and 0.98, P 〈 0.01, for weight. Overweight and obesity were classified according to the newly declared national BMI screening criteria, and low weight was determined by the 10th percentile of the national BMI data. Results More than 80% of the parents received college education or above and most of them were cadres or teachers. The prevalence rates of low weight for male and female were 6.2 % and 11.6 %,respectively. The male＇s low weight prevalence was only 0.53 times of the female＇ s （95 % C1：0.25 to 1.11, P = 0.06, Power = 0. 567） ; the prevalence of female overweight was 3.9 % and for male 13.0 %, being 3.3 times of the female＇s （95% CI：1.52 to 7.48）; the prevalence of obesity was 10.3% for male and 3.4% for female. The former was 3.0 times of the latter （95% CI： 1.27 to 7.26）. The study also showed that 19.8% of male students and 33.8% of female students had an experience of losing weight, and the female＇s percent was 1.7 times of the male＇s （95% CI： 1.17 to 2.48, P 〈 0.01 ）. Furthermore, among those who thought themselves to be fat, 44.9 % of male students were classified to be overweight or obesity according to BMI screening criteria, but only 13.7% of female giving that, the female＇s percent was less than one-thirds of the male＇s （RR =0.31, 95% CI： 0.16 to 0.59, P〈0.01）. Conclusions The overweight or obesity is prevalent in male students, but not in female students among this special population with high social economic statues, while low weight associated with losing weight in female is highly valued to be noticed.
出处
《中国校医》
2005年第4期361-364,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Doctor
关键词
体质量
肥胖
青少年保健服务
Body Weight
Obesity
Adolescent Health Services
