摘要
中国寒区应该包括所有的多年冻土区、冰川区和绝大多数稳定性季节积雪区,寒区气候系统和植被覆盖应具有相对独立性,而气温是划分寒区最关键的指标.气温资料来自中国571个站点1961—1998年每日4次观测资料,空间插值采用月平均气温与站点地理位置和地面高程的多元回归方程,地图坐标为Alberts投影,空间分辨率为1km×1km.结果表明:用最冷月平均气温<-3.0℃、平均气温>10℃的月份不超过5个和年平均气温≤5℃等3项指标所划分的寒区,与中国多年冻土、冰川、稳定性季节积雪、气候区划和植被区划边界基本一致.最终划分的中国寒区面积为417.4×104km2,占我国陆地面积的43.5%.
The word ‘Cold Regions’ has been used widely. However, there is no standard definition for it. The cold regions in China should include all the permafrost areas, all the glacier areas, and by far the majority of stable seasonal snow cover. The vegetation types and climate types in cold regions should be different from those in other regions.Air temperature is the major factor to judge whether a region belongs to ‘Cold Regions’ or not, according to the literal meaning of ‘Cold Regions＇.The averaged monthly air temperature data, which were calculated from 4--time daily data, at the 571 stations in China, from 1961 to 1998, were used.The spatial resolution was of 1 km×1 km, and the coordinate was Alberts projection. The averaged monthly air temperatures in every 1 km × 1 km area were calculated by using regression equation, in which altitude, Y axis and X axis in Alberts projection are used as input and R^2 was 0.92～0.97.The results showed that the Woo＇s definition and Yang＇s definition for ‘Cold Regions’ were not appropriate in China. A new definition of ‘Cold Regions’ in China should be that, the averaged air temperature in the coldest month was less than --3.0℃,the number of month in which the averaged air temperature was higher than 10℃ was not more than 5, and the averaged yearly temperature was not more than 5.0 ℃. The boundary and distribution of the new partition were accordant to those of permafrost, glaciers, snow cover, vegetation distribution and climate regionalization. The final area of ‘Cold Regions’ in China was about 417.4 × 10^4 km^2, which was 43.5％ of the land area in China.
出处
《冰川冻土》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期469-475,共7页
Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(4040101240301010)
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX3-SW-329)
中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所知识创新工程项目(20041122003113)资助
关键词
气温
多年冻土
积雪
植被区划
气候区划
cold regions
permafrost
snow cover
vegetation regionalization
climate regionalization
