摘要
瓦森纳安排是当今世界上管制常规军品和两用物项出口的惟一多边机制,成员包括世界主要武器生产国和出口国。其特点是,在法律上是一个非正式组织;组织上呈开放性,对符合其标准的国家开放;强调军品和两用物项出口的透明性,以阻止可能导致破坏局势稳定的武器积聚;内部决定需要获得成员国的一致同意,但具体执行是各个成员国的权力;其管制清单有一定的权威性。美国国会及智库认为,瓦森纳安排明显存在局限性,只有磋商机制,没有执行功能;关键概念模糊,导致成员国各行其是;一致性原则阻碍其向深入发展。但美国及欧洲国家的政府官员认为,年轻的瓦森纳安排有助于防止常规武器的扩散,其机制将逐步得到强化。
The Wassenaar Arrangement is the sole multilateral regime regulating the export of conventional weapons and dual use items at present. The worlds major arms producers and exporters are its members. Legally speaking, it is not a formal organization. It highlights transparency of the export of arms and dualuse items so as to prevent potentially destabilizing accumulation of conventional weapons. There must be a consensus among member countries when the Arrangement makes any decision. Its control lists are of some authority. However, the Arrangement has evident limitation.
出处
《国际论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第4期1-6,共6页
International Forum
