摘要
本文运用蛋白电泳技术对来自云南省文山州马关县和麻栗坡县的２１匹普通马和１４匹矮型马进行了分析。共分析遗传座位４４个，其中有１０个座位检测到多态性。计算表明，云南普通马的多态座位百分比Ｐ＝０．２２７，平均杂合度Ｈ＝０．０８９，平均等位基因数Ａ＝１．２７３；相应的云南矮型马的Ｐ＝０．２０５，Ｈ＝０．０８３，Ａ＝１．２５０。上述结果表明，云南普通马和矮型马的遗传多样性较为丰富，来自狭小区域内的群体蕴藏着多样的遗传基因。另一方面，通过计算群间遗传距离，我们还发现普通马和矮型马两者在遗传上具有一定的差异。根据分子钟假说和相应的公式，推算两者的分歧时间约为１８．５万年。
In this paper, using protein electrophorsis, we analyzed two different populations of Yunnan horses, the Yunnan common horses(21 individuals) and the short horses(14 individuals). Of all the 44 genetic loci surveyed, 10 of them were found to be polymorphic. Therefore, as for the common horse population, the percentage of polymorphic loci(P) is 0.227, the mean heterozygosity(H) is 0.089 and the mean number of allels(A) is 1.273. In short horse population, P=0.205, H=0.083, A=1.250. The above results indicated that both the common and short horse populations were wealthy of genetic diversity. There existed many variations of alleles in the two populations from limited areas of Yunnan Province. Futhermore, we calculated Nei's genetic distance (D) between the two populations and got a value of 0.0317, which imply a certain degree of genetic differentiation between them. According to the hypothesis of molecular clock, we speculated that the divergent event occurred about 18.5 million years ago.
基金
云南省应用基础研究重大项目基金
关键词
云南普通马
云南矮型马
马
品种
分化
蛋白多态
Horse
Protein electrophoresis
Mean heterozygosity
Genetic distance
