摘要
浙南乐清湾西门岛红树林区是中国红树林的最北分布地,为研究该区红树林与底栖动物的生态关系,于2004年5月和8月对红树林区大型底栖动物进行现场采样,共发现大型底栖动物42种,其中软体动物20种、甲壳类11种、多毛类5种、其它类6种。平均生物量和平均栖息密度分别为74.26g/m2和340个/m2,软体动物和其它类动物分别占总生物量的43%和39%,它们的栖息密度分别占动物总栖息密度的66%和30%。红树林区底栖动物的特征种为可口革囊星虫Phascolosomaesculenta,在中潮区其生物量和栖息密度分别高达84.33g/m2和304个/m2。该红树林区底栖动物群落结构的分析结果表明:底栖动物种类与红树林发育状况呈负相关、底栖动物生物量与红树林发育状况呈正相关,红树林主分布区(中潮区)底内群落结构较低潮区简单、生物量高、物种多样性低,而无红树林的低潮区则与之相反,生物量低、种间分布均匀、多样性高。多样性指数低潮区(2.44)>中潮区(1.21)>高潮区(1.0);均匀度指数为0.30～0.73,中潮区为最低。
Ximen Island in Zhejiang is the northernmost boundary of mangrove areas in China. To study the relationship of this mangrove to macrofauna in this area, the macrofauna community was investigated in two cruises carried out in May and August 2004 respectively. A total of 42 species have been identified, which belong to 20 species of mollusck, 11 species of Crustacean, 5 species of Polychaeta,and 6 species of others. The average biomass and average density are 74.26 g/m^2 and 340 ind/m^2 respectively, of which mollusks and others occupy 43 percent and 39 percent of total biomass,66 percent and 30 percent of total density respectively. As a character species, Phascolosoma esculenta's biomass and density is 84.33 g/m^2 and 304 ind/m^2 respectively. The results show that the diversity of macrofauna is negative correlation with mangrove development status, while the biomass is positive correlation with it. The community structure on the subbottom in the major mangrove region (mid-tidal region) is simpler than that in the low tide region with a high biomass and low diversity. Whereas, in the low tide region,there is no mangrove with a low biomass, even inter-specific distribution and high diversity. Variation of Shannon-Wiener index reaches the highest maximal (2.44) in the low tide region, the next is in the mid-tidal region and the lowest is in the high tide region. Pielou index is in a range of 0.30～0.73 and the lowest appears in the mid-tidal region.
出处
《海洋学研究》
北大核心
2005年第2期33-40,共8页
Journal of Marine Sciences
基金
乐清湾生态区监控国家专项资助项目(2004年)
浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(M403003)
