摘要
从粮食生产和安全的角度,总结我国近半个世纪粮食生产取得的成效:1总量快速增长,达到并占有1/4的世界份额;2人均占有数量实现世界水平的赶超;3由于单产和总产显著提升,粮田面积稳中有降,使种植结构优化、农民增收成为可能。指出由于受:“人口—资源—环境”压力、南北粮食生产格局变动、持续地压粮扩经、国际市场价格等诸多方面影响,导致2000年以来我国粮食回落。据此认为:1政策保障;2发展战略;3复种多熟;4科技创新;5加大投入等方面应作为发展我国粮食生产和增进粮食安全的保障措施。
From the viewpoint of grain production and food security, the achievements of grain production in China during the past half century were summarized. It was indicated that: ① the total grain yield of China was increased rapidly and approached to a quarter of total grain yield of the world; ② the grain yield per capita of China reached and exceeded the average level of the world; ③ because the crop yield and total output increased remarkably, the acreage of grain crops was stabilized and decreased slightly, which caused a possibility for cropping structure optimization and farmers' economic increase. However, the grain production of China has decreased since 2000 as a result of the following reasons: ① the pressure of “population-resources-environment”; ② the changes of grain production situation in north and south China; ③ the continuous increase of cash crops acreage and decrease of grain crops acreage; ④ the price changes of agricultural products in international markets, and so on. Hereby, the safeguard measures for grain production development and food security in China should be taken as follows: ① the policy guarantee for grain production; ② the grain production development stratagem; ③ the multiple and sequential cropping; ④ the innovation of science and technology; ⑤ the increase of investment.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期1-6,共6页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家自然科学基金支持项目(30070439)
关键词
粮食生产
安全保障
grain production
measures for food security
