摘要
以供给管理为主的水资源管理方式在上个世纪获得巨大成功的同时也在最后10年遇到了严峻的挑战:水资源的使用效率和配置效率低;水资源新增供给的边际成本递增;政府的财力限制;税收、补贴与水价之间存在矛盾;机会成本问题。这些问题和水观念的转变促使水资源管理方式从供给管理为主向需求管理为主的转变,要求建立水资源市场,运用市场机制来配置水资源,为此必须进行水权界定、合理水价、管理体制改革。实现水资源管理方式的根本转变,提高水资源的使用效率和配置效率是解决我国水短缺危机的必由之路。
The practice of administrating water resources with focus on supply was a great success in the last century, but was gravely challenged in the last ten years. Many factors contributed to the serious situation, such as low efficiency of water use and distribution, successive growth of bound cost of newly-added water supply, restriction of government budget, difference between tax, allowance and water price and chance cost. It was these problems and change of the view of water that enhanced the shift in focus of administrating water resources from pure supply to demand administration which requires establishing the market of water resources and adjusting water resources by market mechnism. And the new practice requires that the right of water be determined, that the price of water be reasonable and that a reform of administrative system be imposed. Therefore, it is the only way out for our country’s shortage of water to realize the basic change in means of administrating water resources and raise efficiency of utility of water resources and of water distribution.
出处
《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第4期96-100,共5页
Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关招标项目(04JZD00010)
国家社科基金项目(04XJY021)
关键词
水资源管理方式
生态经济
水权制度
means of administrating water resources
ecological economy
system of water right
