摘要
坡地水土流失是导致土壤质量退化与土地生产力下降的重要原因。采用人工降雨野外模拟试验方法研究了翻耕前后花岗岩坡地水分转化及产流产沙特征的影响。研究表明,翻耕可以提高水分转化率,但从总趋势上看,翻耕条件下径流含沙量与产流产沙量均显著高于翻耕前,其中平均含沙量增加1.5倍,产沙量增加12%,故应多种耕作措施有机结合;降雨过程中,随着产流时间的延长,坡地产沙量呈加速增加的趋势,而且增加速度显著快于坡面径流。因此采取适当措施延长初始产流时间,减少产流量以及提高降雨向土壤水分的转化率均可有效减少坡地土壤流失量。
<Abstrcat> Soil and water loss from sloping fields was the main reason for soil and land productivity degradation in mountain areas. Based on the experiments of rainfall simulation, this article assessed systematically the effect of tillage on water transformation and runoff-sediment-yielding characters on granite sloping fields. Results showed that under tillage conditions, the rate of water transformation increased by 1/4, the average sediment concentration in lost runoff increased by one and a half times, sedment-yielding amount increased by 12%. So various farming measures should be combinated organically. In addition, with the extension of runoff-yielding time during the rainfall process, the sediment from slope tended to accelerate more rapidly than runoff volume increase. So the applications of suitable measures to prolong the initial runoff-yielding time, reduce runoff-yielding volume, and increase the transformation ratio from rainfall to soil water will be effective in reducing soil loss from sloping fields in these areas.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第3期6-9,共4页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目 (40 1 71 0 6 4)
福建省自然科学基金项目 (D0 41 0 0 1 6
D0 41 0 0 1 8
F0 2 1 0 0 1 6 )
福建省水土保持试验站科研项目 (K990 2 )
关键词
花岗岩坡地
人工降雨
水分转化
水土流失
the granite sloping fields
rainfall simulation
soil water transformation
soil and water loss
