摘要
利用 1986年和 2 0 0 0年的遥感影像解译得到的土地利用图 ,提取出松嫩平原湿地动态变化信息。根据土地利用变化动态度模型 ,湿地动态变化主要表现为湖泊、沼泽、河流等天然湿地的减少及人工湿地面积的增加 ,其中天然湿地类型的湖泊和沼泽变化最为显著 ;质心模型分析指出湿地的空间变化趋势主要为质心相对朝东北方向偏移的趋势 ,湖泊和沼泽在西南部的减少是其主要原因 ;湖泊和沼泽的转移变化信息表明 ,湖泊面积的减少主要是退化为盐碱地和沼泽 ,而沼泽主要是转化为农田。松嫩平原湿地动态变化存在显著的自然和人为方面的驱动力因素 ,自然因素为湿地的退化提供了内在动因 ,而人为因素则加速了湿地的退化和转化 ,同时自然和人为因素之间存在着反馈机制。
Extracted from Landuse maps and interpreted from remote sensing images in two time period (in 1986 and 2000),the dynamic information of wetland landscape was obtained.Calculated from landuse change dynamic model,it was showed that the area of natural wetland was greatly decreased,while the area of artificial wetland was greatly increased,and the landuse transformation of lake and marsh are the most remarkable change in both the quantity of area and patch numbers. According to the centroid model,it can be seen that the spatial change of the wetland has the trend to moving to the northeast,which was mainly caused by the decrease of the lake and marsh in the southwest of the plain. Through overlaying and extracting,the transformation of the wetland was obtained,and it was showed that most of the lakes have been degraded to salin alkalinized lands and marshes,while most of the marshes have been transformed into croplands. Based on the facts mentioned above,the natural and artificial driving forces for the dynamics of the wetland are put forward,and it is showed that the natural factors are the intrinsic driving forces,while the artificial factors accelerates the degradation and there is a positive feedback between the natural driving forces and the artificial factors.
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
2005年第1期54-59,共6页
Wetland Science
基金
中国科学院知识创新重大项目 (KZCXZ -SW -3 2 0 -2 )。
