摘要
城市生态安全是指城市生态环境支撑条件以及所面临生态环境问题不对其生存和发展造成威胁,即城市生态系统功能和过程能够满足其持续生存与发展需求。以佛山市为例,选择了资源、环境、生物和灾害等因素,各因素再选择若干评价要素,采用几何平均法计算了城市生态系统安全指数。资源安全评价选择了能源、水资源和粮食等要素,其安全指数为0.22;环境安全评价选择了水环境、大气环境、固体废物和农业环境,其安全指数为0.58;生物安全因素安全评价选择了生物多样性保护、外来入侵物种、森林植被等要素,其安全指数为0.30;选择水土流失、地质灾害、气象灾害和生物灾害等要素进行生态灾害安全评价,指数为0.79;佛山市生态安全综合指数为0.42。研究还表明,生态安全评价宜根据最小限制因子定律,选择关键影响因子进行评价。
Urban ecological security refers to ecological support conditions and the main ecological issue of a city, which do not threaten its immediate survival and development. This study uses Foshan city as an example for exploring a research method of the assessment of ecological security. Four factors (resource, environment, biological security, and disasters) were chosen to establish the assessment system, with each factor being supported by some sub-factors. The values were calculated by the geometric mean method. Energy, water, and food were selected for a resource security assessment with a value of 0.22; water quality, air quality, solid wastes, and agricultural environmental quality were selected for an environmental security assessment with value of 0.58; biodiversity, spe- cies invasion, and forestry quality were selected for a biological security assessment with value of 0.30; soil erosion, geological, metrological, and biological disaster were selected for an ecological disaster assessment with value of 0.79, and the integrated eco- logical security index was calculated to be 0.42. It is suggested that, according to “the law of minimum”, the index choice for any given security assessment should not be full-scaled, but be rational enough to express the ecological security situation, as well as, the social, economic, and developmental pressures of the city.
出处
《生态环境》
CSCD
2004年第4期592-596,共5页
Ecology and Environmnet
基金
国家自然科学重点基金项目(30230090)
国家自然科学基金项目(49971038)
