摘要
本文归纳综述了确定水动力弥散方程中固相与液相间转化量的三种方法:(1)β系数法假定相间物质转化量与该物质在固体表层溶液中的浓度和溶液中的浓度之差成正比,计算方法简单,但机理不清,一般用于交换机理尚未清楚的单一组份的溶质运移问题中;(2)非平衡化学法用平衡化学判断各种物理化学过程是否平衡,用化学反应动力学描述固液转化速率,其理论较为严谨,但由于化学动力学知之甚少,有待于在理论上和实践中完善,(3)平衡化学法是在一定条件下(地下水运动非常缓慢或物理化学过程相对较迅速),地下水与围岩相互作用的主要物理化学过程相对于地下水运动而言,可认为是瞬间完成的,运用水动力弥散方程和平衡化学耦合模型确定固相与液相间的转化量。
Three methods deal with the exchange rate between solid and liquid phases in groundwaterhydrodynamic dispersive equation. They are as followss (1)/β-coefficient method suggests that the exchange rate increases in direct proportion with the difference between the concentration in the liquid nearsolid surface and that in the solution. Its formula is simple, but the mechanism is not very rigorous.The method is usually used to deal with exchange rate of single component transmisson process. (2)Non-equilibrium chemistry method uses equlibrium chemistry to judge if the chemical reactions reach theequlibrium state and uses chemical reaction dynamics to discribe the exchange rate between solid anliquid phases. The theory has a solid basis, but there has been only poor knowlege about chemical dynamics up to date. Thus the method is to be developed theoretically and perfected in practiee. (3)Equili-brium chemistry method, on certain conditions that groundwater flowis very slow or that physico-chemicalreaction (?)twecn groundwater and its country rock is completed instantly in relation to groundwater move-ment. A coupling model of groundwater hydrodynamic dispersive equation and equilibrium chemistry isset up to decide the exchange rate between solid and liquid phases.
出处
《水文地质工程地质》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1993年第2期31-34,共4页
Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology
关键词
弥散方程
地下水
水动力
固相转化
Dispersion equation
β-coefficient method
Non-quilibrium chemistry method
