摘要
保水剂是一种具有超高吸水保水能力的高分子化合物颗粒剂,它吸收自身质量的数百倍至上千倍的纯水。由于保水剂在雨季能够吸收水分,并将水分保持于土壤中,待到旱季来临,又能够将吸持的水分缓慢释放给植物利用,从而帮助植物渡过干旱期,提高造林成活率。通过野外试验和温室试验发现,保水剂使北美红杉Sequoiasempervirens和川滇桤木Alnusferdinandivar.coburgii的氮流失量减少23 8%～65 2%,钾流失量减少19 8%～86 2%。当养分施加量一定时,养分的流失量随保水剂施加量的增加而减少。田间试验表明,森林土壤中施加保水剂后,显著提高了土壤中养分(氮磷钾)的量,使土壤碱解氮的量提高133 1%～295 8%,有效磷提高10 4%～43 2%,速效钾提高124 2%～220 3%。可以认为,保水剂不仅可以改善土壤水分状况,而且可以通过减少养分淋失改善土壤养分状况。
The hydrogel is a super absorbent macromolecule compound that can absorb pure water up to hundred or thousand times of its dead weight. Since the hydrogel can absorb water in the rainy season and slowly release water for plant use in dry season, it can help plants to survive under dry condition and increase the survival rate of afforestation. So far, most studies of hydrogel are on the properties of water retention, there are few reports on its nutrients retention properties. Data in the field trials and greenhouse experiments showed the hydrogel could significantly decrease the loss of nitrogen and potassium. The loss of nitrogen of Sequoia sempervirens and Alnus ferdinandi var.coburgii decreased by 23.8%-65.2% and that of potassium aecreased by 19.8%-86.2% compared to the controlled group. When the added nutrients were kept in a fixed quantity, the loss of nutrients decreased with the increase of hydrogel. The field trials showed the hydrogel application increased the contents of potential nitrogen by 133.1%-295.8%, phosphorus by 10.4%-43.2% and potassium by 124.2%-220.3% in the forest soil. Thus, we can conclude that application of hydrogel improves not only the soil moisture condition but also the nutrients status through decreased nutrient leaching.
出处
《浙江林学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第4期404-407,共4页
Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College
基金
中国德国合作项目
云南省昆明市科学技术局资助项目(200201007)
关键词
保水剂
土壤养分
保蓄
田间试验
hydrogel
soil nutrients
retention
field test
