摘要
目的分析2003年3月～5月间北京市东城区严重急性呼吸综合征(severeacuterespiratorysyndrome,SARS)爆发流行特征。方法根据东城区疾病预防控制中心的疫情日报表,以及从其他渠道收集补充的信息进行分析。病例的诊断按照卫生部颁布的标准。用Excel软件建立数据库,用SPSS软件统计分析。结果东城区首例发生于3月14日(3月16日入院),至4月中、下旬发病达高峰,5月5日开始下降,5月22日后未再发生新的临床诊断病例,5月24日、6月10日曾发生3例疑似SARS,后均被排除。共报告572例住院,99例在住院治疗过程中因被确诊为上感、普通肺炎、出疹性疾病等排除了SARS的诊断,实有473例SARS及疑似SARS。各年龄组人群普遍易感,以20～50岁最多,占总病例数的68.7%,平均发病年龄为40.7岁。病例的男女比例差异无显著性。SARS病例呈现明显的家庭聚集现象。医务人员病例占总数的18.0%,离退休人员占15.4%。全区10个街道均有病例发生。按常住人口计算,罹患率为28.3/10万。报告病例中,先后在区属二级医院住院的230例,占40.2%。85例医务人员SARS及疑似SARS病例中,18例发生在四所区属二级医院,占其在SARS病房或发热门诊工作的医务人员总数的4.5%。34.7%的SARS病例在病前无任何接触史。41例SARS病例死亡,病死率8.7%。
To describe epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SRAS)in Dongcheng District,Beijing during March to June2003.Methods Data of SARS cases notified from Dongcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)and supple-mented by other channels were collected.All data were input into dataset files by Microsoft Excel-2000software and analyzed with SPSS version10.0software.Results Totally,572cases notified were collected during this period in Dongcheng District,Beijing,and99of them were excluded from SARS,because of diagnosis of common cold,pneumonia,measles,or rubella,etc.Actually,473SARS cases were analyzed.Attack rate of SARS in permanent residents of Dongcheng was28.3per100000.Fourty-one of them died,with a case-fatality ratio of8.7%.Outbreak of SARS in Dongcheng District started on March14,with a peak during mid-and late April,and dropped from May5,2003.Persons were all susceptible to SARS,with the highest proportion at ages of20～50years,which accounted for68.7%of the total cases.Average age of the patients at their onset was40.7years.No gender difference in SARS cases was found.Number of SARS cases in health care workers(HCWs)accounted for18.0%and that in the retired persons accounted for15.4%of the total cases.Cases occurred in all10sub-districts of Dongcheng.Totally,230of the572notified cases(40.2%)hospitalized at local hospitals under the jurisdiction of Dongcheng District.Eighteen of85cases of SARS occurred in health care workers of local hospitals,accounting for4.5%of the total number of health care workers working at the wards caring for SARS patients or at fever clinics.There were34.7%of SARS cases without any contact histories before their onset.Familial aggregation phenomena were observed in41.8%of the cases and18.1%of households.And,7.4%(attack rate)in those exposed to SARS cases suffered the illness during the periods of quarantine.Conclusions SARS appeared outbreak in Dongcheng District,Beijing during March to June2003.People were all susceptible to SARS,which mainly threatened the young adults and the middle-aged,as well as health care workers and the retired workers.Main mode of transmission was exposure to SARS patients in a near distance at hospitals or families.Prevention and control of SARS should be focused on early isolation of patients and quarantine for the contacts.Current available measures to prevent and control SARS proved effective.
出处
《中国医学科学院学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第5期533-538,共6页
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae
关键词
北京市东城区
严重急性呼吸综合征
流行病学
Beijing
Dongcheng District
severe acute respiratory syndrome
epidemiology
