摘要
目的 通过回顾急性中毒流行病学资料 ,为今后本地区急性中毒防治提供依据。方法 所有来诊的急性中毒患者均由经过培训的人员准确填写急性中毒表格 ,包括年龄、性别、职业、发生时间、病人来源、发生地点、意图、中毒类型 ,中毒物质名称、剂量 ,毒物种类、侵入途径 ,急诊处理方式、诊断及转归等。结果 自 2 0 0 1年 7月 1日起至 2 0 0 2年 6月 30日止 ,我院急诊科共收治急性中毒患者 6 16例 ,男女比为 1∶1 4 ,女性高于男性。中毒的年龄主要发生在 2 0～ 2 9岁的年龄组 (占 32 6 % ) ,其次发生在 30～ 39岁之间 ,占 2 4 3%。主要毒物是药物 ,其中最多的是镇静催眠类 ,占中毒总数的 2 1 7%。居第二位的中毒物质为一氧化碳占 17 9% ,然后是农药中毒占 17 1% ,再其次是酒精中毒占 10 1%。自杀占急性中毒的4 7 1% ,口服中毒是最常见的中毒途径 ,占 77 1%。 73 2 %的中毒发生在家里。中毒病人的职业排在前三位的是农民 (19 6 % )、待业人员 (18 2 % )和学生 (14 0 % )。中毒在 8月、 9月高发 ,占全年的 2 4 9%。96 6 %的病人出院 ,死亡占 1 6 %。结论 我院急性中毒病人以 2 0～ 39岁为多见 ,尤以 2 0～ 2 9岁最多 ,女性多见 ;毒物排列顺序为药物、一氧化碳、农药、酒精 ;自杀是常见的中毒原因 。
Objective By reviewing epidemiology data of acute poisoning,we hope to offer methods of prevention and cure in acute poisoning in this district. Methods All acute poisoning patients were asked to fill in a form, including age, gender, profession, poison time, exposure site, substance of poison, dosage, exposure route, emergency treatment, diagnosis and prognosis.Results From Jul 1, 2001 to Jun 30, 2002, there were 616 patients with acute poisoning. The female to male ratio was 1.4∶1.32.6% of patients were in the age of 20～29. The age of 30～39 made up 24.3%. The overwhelming majority of toxic agents were sedative/hypnotic (21.7%). Carbon monoxide (17.9%) was the second most common poison.closely followed by pesticides(17.1%),alcohols then(10.1%). 47.1% of poisoning was deliberate self poisoning. Oral ingestion was the most frequent route of intoxication(77.1%).73.2% of poisoning occurred at home. Majority of exposure were peasants(19.6%), unemployed(18.2%)and students (14.0%) . 24.9%of poisoning occurred in Aug. and Sep. 96.6% of patients recovered. Mortality was 1.6%.Conclusion Among patients in our hospital, the age of 20～39 range. Female was more than male. Main poisons were medicines, carbon monoxide, pesticide and alcohol. Suicide was the common reason. Oral was the main route of poison .The majority of patients were peasants,the unemployed and students.
出处
《中华急诊医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2004年第6期400-402,共3页
Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine
