摘要
为积累紫菜的新种质,本文对一种印度产紫菜—Pyropia radi的生活史进行了研究,结果发现:该紫菜的叶状体多为披针形,基部为楔形、呈褐绿色,梢部呈红紫褐色;藻体由单层细胞构成,极少含两层细胞;一个营养细胞中含1—2个星状色素体,多数只含一个;藻体的中部边缘具有稀疏的锯齿状突起,基部的齿状突起较密,一般的突起含有一至十多个细胞;成熟前的藻体厚度:基部为(51.5±4.23)μm,梢部为(29.4±2.31)μm,平均厚度41.2μm,成熟后的藻体逐渐加厚;成熟前的藻体长度5—10cm、宽度0.5—1cm,成熟后,藻体长度可达(45±8.7)cm、宽度为(5±1.21)cm;藻体的表观性别多数为雌雄异体,少数为雌雄同体,雌雄同体的个体其雌雄生殖细胞分别呈块状直线型分布于藻体;果孢子囊具有16或32个果孢子,分裂式为♀A2B2C4或♀A4B2C4,成熟的精子囊器具有64个精子囊,分裂式为♂A4B4C4;叶状体营养细胞和精子囊的核型为单倍,染色体数目为5个(n=5),丝状体的营养细胞和膨大细胞的核型为双倍,染色体数目为10个(2n=10)。检测该紫菜的5.8S rDNA-ITS区序列发现,其5.8S保守区的160个碱基序列与坛紫菜相似度为100%。该紫菜的形态结构、染色体数目、性别以及5.8S rDNA的保守序列等结果与坛紫菜极为相似,暗示它与坛紫菜的亲缘关系很近,但它们是否为同一个紫菜物种还有待深入研究。
To sustain the germplasm resources of Pyropia, biological characteristics and life history of Pyropia radi from India were studied. We found that the gametophytic blades of this species are membranous, lanceolate, showing wedge-shape and dark green in the base, but slightly reddish brown in the tip. The blades are most monostromatic, except for a little part consisting of two layers of cells. There are mostly one or sometimes two stellate chloroplasts in the vegetative cell of the blade. The spines in the margins of the middle are sparse but rich at the base of the blades, consisting of one or more than 10 cells in a spine, which become bigger and increases in the number when aged. Before maturation, the base thickness of the blade is(51.5±4.23), the tip(29.4±2.31) and the mean 41.2μm; the blades are 5-10cm in length and 0.5-1cm in width. However, they could grow up to(45±8.7) cm long at maturation. Most blades are dioecious and few monoecious. The sectors of male and female sexual cells usually distribute linearly in the monoecious blades after matured. A mature carposporangium contains 16 or 32 carpospores, showing cell division as ♀A2B2C4 or ♀A4B2C4. A mature spermatangiophore contains 64 spermatangia, showing cell division as ♂A4B4C4. The chromosome counts of vegetative cells and spermatangiain the blades are 5(n=5), and the chromosome number in both vegetative cells and conchosporangial branch of conchocelis are 10(2n=10). One-hundred and sixty base-sequences in the 5.8S rDNA-ITS region of this species are the same to those of Pyropia haitanensis. These results indicate that the genetic relationship between this species and P. haitanensis is very close. However, whether they are the same species needs more works in the future.
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期52-59,共8页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
基金
国家高科技研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目
2012AA100811号
国家自然科学基金资助项目
31072208号
农业部公益性专项
200903030号
国家海洋局公益专项
201105008号
201105023号
