摘要
本报告的材料是本所山东队于1962—1963年在山东省曲阜县东南西夏侯遗址两次发掘的人骨。第一次发掘报告已经发表。两次发掘,共收集了代表27个个体的人骨架。其中可供测量的有:头骨,男性9个,女性8个;下颌骨,男性10个,女性9个。长骨可供测量并与头骨相配合的有:股骨,男性13根,女性16根;胫骨,男性14根,女性11根;肱骨,男性16根,女性12根;尺骨,男性11根,女性9根;桡骨,男性13根,女性11根。不与头骨配合的长骨仅墓27一例,有股骨2根,肱骨、尺骨、桡骨各一根。在27个个体的骨骼中有六例为儿童或不足周岁的婴儿遗骨。
The material on which the present paper is based is recovered from the excavations of1962—1963 conducted at Hsi-hsia-hou in Ch'ü-fu County,Shantung Province.The finalreport on the first season of excavations in 1962 has already been published in the KaoguXuebao(The Chinese Journal of Archaeology,No.2,1964).The two seasons of excavations have yielded a total of twenty seven skeletons.Amongthe relatively well preserved specimens which provided the data for the present study arenineteen skulls(ten males and nine females)with the mandible sometimes still attached,and some pelves and long bones.In addition,there are two sets of newborn skele-tons,four sets of infant skeletons and two sets of teenage skeletons.The death rate ishighest among the youths and adults,followed by the 0—4 age group.The average ageof death is about 33.2 years.Racial type.A comparison of the cranial data obtained at Hsi-hsia-hou with those ofTa-w(?)n-k'ou using the't'and'k'tests reveal that inspite of some minor morphologicaldifferences such as in the case of the transverse are which might have resulted from de-formation,the racial characteristics of the Hsi-hsia-hou skeletons closely resemble those ofthe Ta-w(?)n-k'ou skeletons.Their racial type is Mongoloid and just as in the case of Ta-w(?)n-k'ou bears a certain resemblance to the Polynesian cranium type.The latter is attri-buted to a sub-division of the Southern Mongoloid.The incidence of cranial deformation among the males of Hsia-hsia-hou is only fiftyper cent as against the nearly one hundred per cent of Ta-w(?)n-k'ou.The cranial defor-mation among the females is one hundred per cent at both sites.The pre-mortem loss ofthe lateral incisors at Hsi-hsia-hou is similar to Ta-w(?)n-k'ou and probably resulted froma ritual practice in initiation rites.The incidence of ablation of teeth at Hsi-hsia-hou isthirty three per cent among the males and sixty seven per cent among the females.
出处
《考古学报》
1973年第2期91-126,130-141,共48页
Acta Archaeologica Sinica
