摘要
目的探讨外侧裂、岛叶、基底节及侧脑室间的相互关系,为相关手术入路提供解剖学基础。方法成人头颅湿标本10例(20侧),显微镜下进行外侧裂、岛叶、基底节及侧脑室的解剖学观察和相关数据测量。结果岛叶构成外侧裂隙的底,解剖外侧裂的不同部分可以显露岛叶的不同区域。岛叶中央沟位于大脑外侧面皮层中央沟前5.0 mm,后5.5 mm的范围内。岛叶皮层下的白质为最外囊,最外囊深部依次为屏状核、外囊、豆状核。内囊前肢前端位于前环岛沟与上环岛沟交界的深部;内囊后肢后端位于下环岛沟与上环岛沟交界的深部。前岛点与侧脑室额角的垂直距离平均为11.5 cm;后岛点与侧脑室三角部的垂直距离平均为10.9 cm。下环岛沟中点与侧脑室颞角的垂直距离平均为9.2 cm。侧脑室室间孔位于相当于中岛短回中点水平切面的深部。结论外侧裂、岛叶、基底节及侧脑室各部位间解剖关系密切,了解岛叶区域的显微解剖,有助于进行该部位病变的手术治疗。
Objective The purpose of this study was to define the relationships among the sylvian fissure,insular,basal ganglia and lateral ventricles.Methods Topographic anatomy of 10 cadaveric brains(20 cerebral hemispheres)were examined with microsurgical methods,the relationships among sylvian fissure,insular,basal ganglia and lateral ventricles were detailed.Results Opening specific of the sylvian fissure can expose different parts of the insular.The inferior end of the central sulcus on the convexity was located less than 5.5 mm posterior and 5.0 mm anterior to the central insular sulcus.Isular cortex and the extreme capsule coverd the claustrum,external capsule,putamen,globus pallidus,and the internal capsule.The anterior portion of the superior periinsular sulcus was separated from the frontal horn by the anterior isthmus,and the posterior portion of the periinsular sulcus was separated from the atrium by the posterior isthmus.Vertical distance between the anterior insular point and the frontal horn was approximately 10 mm.Distance between the posterior insular point and the atrium was 12 mm.Distance between the mid inferior periinsular sulcus and the temporal horn was 10 mm.The foramen of Monro was located deep to the posterior short gyrus at the midpoint level of the middle short gyrus.Conclusions An understanding of the relationship among the sylvian fissure,the insular cortex and the deep landmarks is helpful in planning transinsular approaches.
出处
《中华临床医师杂志（电子版）》
CAS
2011年第14期4089-4092,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)
关键词
神经解剖学
侧脑室
外侧裂
岛叶
基底节
Neuroanatomy
Lateral ventricles
Sylvian fissure
Insular
Basal ganglia
