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阿米卡星日剂量单次与分两次给药方案的体内药效及毒性比较 被引量:1

Comparison of antibacterial activity, ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity of amikacin between once - daily and twice - daily regimen in the guinea pig
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摘要 目的:探讨日剂量单次与分两次给药方案对阿米卡星体内抗菌作用及耳、肾毒性的影响.方法:1.药效学实验:健康雄性豚鼠,以临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌经气管注入建立肺炎模型,随机分成日剂量单次给药组(OD)、日剂量分两次给药组(BID)(给予阿米卡星100mg/kg/d肌注)和对照组(C)(给予等量生理盐水肌注qd),共72h.观测体温、体重变化,查WBC和CRP,取感染豚鼠肺组织制成匀浆,定量培养后进行活菌计数.2.毒性实验:健康雄性豚鼠,随机分成OD、BID和C组,给予阿米卡星200mg/kg/d肌注,共4w.测定血BUN、Cr、尿NAG酶并计算Ccr,制备肾组织HE染色的病理切片及电镜标本综合评定肾毒性;测定听性脑干反应阈值,结合琥珀酶杂色的耳锅铺片和扫描电镜观察耳蜗形态学变化,综合评价耳毒性.结果:1.药效学实验:治疗72h后OD和BID组的体温、体重减少量、WBC、CRP及肺组织匀浆活菌计数均显著低于C组(P<0.05),但OD和BID两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).2.毒性实验:OD组2周时的尿NAG酶和4周时的血BUD显著低于BID组(P<0.05),4周时的Ccr显著高于BID组(P<0.05),耳蜗外毛细胞缺失数显著少于BID组(P<0.05).结论:阿米卡星日剂量单次和分两次给药方案的体内抗菌作用相当,与日剂量分两次给药相比单次给药可降低耳、肾毒性.
出处 《中国药物应用与监测》 CAS 2001年第6期27-31,共5页 Chinese Journal of Drug Application and Monitoring
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