摘要
青藏高原输电线路工程人为水土流失具有区域独特性。以青海格尔木至西藏拉萨±400kV直流联网工程为例,对青藏高原输电线路工程典型水土保持措施适宜性进行了研究,主要结果如下:人工促进自然修复是冻土区线性工程水土保持措施布设的新理念,各扰动地貌单元水土保持措施布设应坚持近自然生态修复原理以及生态工程优先、最小面积扰动和最短时间扰动原则;输电线路工程水土保持措施体系按主体工程区、牵张场、取土场、弃渣场和生产生活临时区5个扰动地貌单元布设,电力塔基区护坡主要有平地型回字形、缓坡型竹节式水平阶、陡坡型鱼鳞坑配植藤本植物工程,植被混凝土生态护坡挂网可防止扰动区土壤流失和冻土融化,土壤流失控制比为1.04,弃渣场柔性生态挡土墙可保持冻土的稳定性,植物成活率达90%以上;讨论了青藏高原冻土区水土保持措施布设特点及线性工程热融作用的防治措施。研究结果可为青藏高原输电线路工程或高寒区类似工程不同扰动地貌单元水土保持措施布设提供参考。
The man-made soil erosion in transmission line project in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is characterized by regional uniqueness.Taking the±400kV DC interconnection project from Golmud,Qinghai to Lhasa,Tibet as example,the suitability of typical soil and water conservation measures for the transmission line project in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was studied.The main results were as follows:artificial promotion of natural restoration is a new idea for the layout of soil and water conservation measures for linear engineering in permafrost regions,and the layout of soil and water conservation measures for each unit should adhere to near-natural ecological restoration and the principles of ecological engineering priority,minimum area disturbance and minimum time disturbance.The soil and water conservation measures system for transmission line project is arranged according to the five units of the main project area,the traction and tension field,the borrow area,the waste disposal area and the temporary production and living area.The slope protection for the power tower base area mainly includes the zigzag for flat land,the bamboo knot horizontal step for gentle slope,and the fish-scale pit with vine plants for steep slope.The plants concrete ecological slope protection hanging net can prevent the soil loss and frozen soil melting in the disturbed area,and the soil loss control ratio is 1.04.The flexible ecological retaining wall in the waste dump can maintain the stability of frozen soil,and the survival rate of plants is more than 90%.The layout of soil and water conservation measures in permafrost regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the heat and thaw effect of prevention and control measures for linear engineering are discussed.The research results can provide an example for the layout of soil and water conservation measures in different units of the transmission line project in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau or similar projects in the high and cold regions.
作者
殷树强
曾小英
张薇
史东梅
YIN Shuqiang;ZENG Xiaoying;ZHANG Wei;SHI Dongmei(Chongqing Railway Investment Group Co.,Ltd,Jiangbei 400020;Chongqing Academy of Forestry Sciences,Chongqing 400036;College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China)
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期162-168,共7页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
中铁二院重庆公司科技开发引导项目部分成果资助
关键词
输电线路工程
水土保持措施
适宜性
热融作用
青藏高原
Transmission line projects
soil and water conservation measures
suitability analysis
thermal melting
Qinghai Tibet Plateau
