摘要
当今世界各国对高速舰船、绿色水电设施以及先进飞行器的需求愈发迫切,但动力核心部件-推进器、水轮机和航空发动机无一例外存在严重的空蚀损坏问题,亟需利用对部件尺寸适应性好的热喷涂技术在其表面制备抗空蚀涂层进行防护。针对现役过流部件常用金属材料在不同液体介质中易空蚀损坏的本质问题,分类详述热喷涂技术制备的金属、陶瓷和金属陶瓷三大类抗空蚀涂层的优势和研究现状,着重介绍其抗空蚀机理,并基于热喷涂涂层空蚀损坏的共性难题,论述多种行之有效的改性技术。通过与常用金属材料的空蚀性能对比,指出在不同工况环境下分别最有潜力获得应用的涂层种类。提出未来应从研制新材料和发展实用性更强的改性技术两个方面共同设计构筑性能更为优异的抗空蚀涂层,更好地推动其应用并解决装备的空蚀损伤问题。
The demand for high-speed ships,green hydropower facilities and advanced aircraft is becoming more and more urgent around the world.However,the serious cavitation erosion(CE)damage problems in their core power components(such as in propeller,turbine and aeroengine)severely restrict the extensive application.Thus,it is necessary to prepare anti-CE coating on the surface of these parts by thermal spraying technology which has excellent dimensions adaptability.Aiming at the essential issues of cavitation erosion damage problems towards the currently severed metal materials for flow passage components,the advantages and research status of three kinds of thermal sprayed anti-CE coatings including metal,ceramic and cermet are reviewed when carried out in different liquid media.In addition,the anti-CE mechanism of these coatings is especially emphasized,and a variety of effective modification technologies are discussed based on the common problem of CE damage of thermal spraying coatings.By comparing the CE performance with conventional metal materials,the potential coating types under different working conditions are pointed out.Meanwhile,it is suggested that the anti-CE coating with better performance should be jointly designed and constructed from two aspects,developing new materials and developing more practical modification technology,to further promote its application and solve the CE damage problem of equipment.
作者
马俊凯
侯国梁
安宇龙
赵晓琴
周惠娣
陈建敏
段文山
MA Junkai;HOU Guoliang;AN Yulong;ZHAO Xiaoqin;ZHOU Huidi;CHEN Jianmin;DUAN Wenshan(College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《中国表面工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期113-127,共15页
China Surface Engineering
基金
中国科学院青年创新促进会会员(2020416)
中国科学院材料磨损与防护重点实验室青年基金(SYSQJ-2020-1)资助项目
关键词
空蚀性能
损坏机理
热喷涂技术
抗空蚀涂层
cavitation erosion performance
damage mechanism
thermal spray technology
anti-cavitation erosion coating
