摘要
近年来具有动态表皮的建筑设计已被广泛地引入建筑环境议题的解决方案之中。从形态学的角度出发通过参数优化来探索不同动态表皮类型的环境性能差异,为设计前期的选型提供参考。针对热带地区高层办公楼,通过尺寸、运动方式和透射率等参量的组合建立36种案例,以最小化建筑能耗和最大化采光舒适区域占比为目标,对旋转和折叠这两种常见类型进行了比较和讨论。研究结果表明,能耗方面动态表皮可以大幅减少建筑制冷和照明的能源需求,折叠类型在节能方面具有更好的性能;室内采光方面,采光舒适区面积的平均占比显著增加,其中旋转类型高于折叠类型。此外,相较于尺寸和透射率,运动方式对于旋转和折叠两种类型的制冷和照明能耗具有显著影响。不同的是,材料的透射率对旋转类型的自然采光效率具有额外的影响。
As global warming and people’s demands of thermal comfort increase continuously,office building energy consumption is increasing by years.The security of global energy is encountering serious situation,especially in those tropical countries with energy shortage and highly dense office building like Singapore.Thus it is necessary to solve these problems in the early design stage.As an architectural design strategy,dynamic fa?ade has been more widely introduced as a solution for building environmental issues.From the morphological point of view,this paper attempts to explore the performance otherness of different dynamic typologies during the optimization of the design process.Taking high-rise office building in the tropical region as an example,two common typologies of rotating and folding fa?ade are compared and discussed by parameter simulation with 36 cases combination of scale,motion and transmittance through sensitivity analysis selection to find the optimal trade-off between minimizing energy demand for cooling and lighting and maximizing daylight comfort.Dynamic characteristics are reflected in seven kinds of angle change of the fa?ade element.The building performance software-EnergyPlus,daylight software-Radiance and parameter design software-Rhino G rasshopper are used for simulation.Singapore,a typical major country at tropical region,is selected as the location.The illuminance levels between 300 lux and 2000 lux for the floor area is considered as comfortable daylighting condition.There are 8064 calculated solutions totally for each typology in one orientation.Comparing seven angles’performances,the 1152"Overall best"solutions is selected which mean the optimal angle for each of 36 cases in a specified time point.Then the performances of 36 cases for each typology are evaluated by calculated average energy consumption and daylight for four days,March 22,June 22,September 22 and December 22,at 8 hours of a day from 9:00 am to the end of 4:00 pm.The results of the study show that the energy demand for cooling and lighting can be reduced by19%~24%through dynamic fa?ade while folding typology has better performance in energy conservation in all the three orientations.For daylighting,the average daylight comfort area has an increase of 5%~14%,while the value of rotation typology is higher than folding typology.Furthermore,through regression analysis,rotation typology,"Motion"is the significant element for daylight performance(Horizontal>Vertical>Diagonal),while for folding typology,"Motion""Transmittance"are common influence the result.In terms of energy demand,"Transmittance"has more influencethan any other variables for rotation typology.Differently,both"Motion"and"Transmittance"can contribute to energy performance.This study is a comparative research of dynamic fa?ade to introduce the optimal fa?ade based on a simulation-optimization method to improve daylight and energy performance.These two typologies have their characteristics,rotation typology usually has higher daylight performance,but compared with folding typology,it does not have advantages in terms of energy conservation.Through providing a performancebased approach to dynamic facade selection,the designer could make the decision not only from aesthetic considerations but also combine them to get higher performance building design.
作者
汪丽君
史学鹏
WANG Li-jun;SHI Xue-peng(School of Architecture,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)
出处
《建筑节能》
CAS
2020年第3期40-44,50,共6页
BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY
关键词
动态表皮
室内采光
建筑能耗
折叠与旋转
dynamic facade
daylighting
energy conservation
folding and rotation
