基于数据挖掘的办公建筑运行阶段碳排放分析被引量：11

Operational Carbon Emissions Analysis Method Research of Office Buildings Based on Data Mining

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摘要根据联合国环境规划署的数据,近40%与能源有关的二氧化碳排放来自建筑行业,而建筑运行阶段碳排放占比则达70%以上,如何定量化分析碳排放影响因素,以及在数据量高速增长的情况下快速提取物理量间内在作用规律是降低建筑碳排放需要重点解决的问题。提出了一种基于数据挖掘的空调系统形式对运行阶段碳排放影响分析方法,分析了北京市40座办公建筑,结果表明,样本运行阶段平均碳排放量为79.9 kgCO2/(m2·a),其中与电力相关的碳排放量占80%;通过k均值聚类分析,可将样本按照运行阶段碳排放水平分为三类;通过ID3决策树分析,发现使用直燃机作为冷热源的建筑二氧化碳排放量更高,而使用集中供热系统的建筑排放量最低。对于不同的冷却系统和不同的空调终端则无显著差异。因此,对于寒冷气候区的新建办公楼,在输配系统成本允许的条件下,应从政策角度鼓励采用集中供热系统。 The Government of Beijing commits to achieve peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2020.According to the United Nations Environment Programme,nearly 40%of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions are attributable to the building sector while building operations accounted for over 70%of building carbon emissions.How to quantitatively analyze the factors related to operational carbon emissions under the circumstance of rapid growth of data volume is the key problem to be solved recently.This paper explored the interaction mechanism of HVAC system forms and carbon emissions based on data mining and analyzed 40 office buildings located in the city of Beijing,China.It is found that the average amount of operational carbon emissions is 79.9 kgCO2/(m2·a),while electricity-related carbon emissions accounts for 80%.Through K-means cluster analysis,the buildings are divided into three categories by the level of carbon emissions of buildings.By ID3 decision tree analysis,it is found that buildings with directfired absorption chiller emit more carbon dioxide,while the emissions of buildings using central heating system are the lowest due to the higher efficiency of cogeneration.No significant differences are shown for different cooling systems and different air conditioning terminal.Therefore,for new office buildings in the cold climate zone,central heating systems should be encouraged from a policy perspective.

作者张仲宸周浩林波荣李嘉麒田昕吴佳欣陈帅元黄莉 ZHANG Zhong-chen;ZHOU Hao;LIN Bo-rong;LI Jia-qi;TIAN Xin;WU Jia-xin;CHEN Shuai-yuan;HUANG Li(School of Architecture,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Key Laboratory of Eco Planning and Green Building,Ministry of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Architectural Design and Research Institute of Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Tongfang Energy-saving Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Science and Technology,Beijing 100021,China;Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100085,China)