摘要
非正式制度因素影响着正式制度的变迁,这对理解中国农村土地的集体化进程至关重要。为此,本文提出一个分析框架,借以考察国家利用政治动员形塑农民土地产权观念、继而助推农地集体化的过程。研究发现:国家在集体化初期建构了一套全新的政治话语,并通过激发和培育农民潜藏的平均主义意识,影响了他们传统的土地产权观念;随着集体化运动的深入,政治话语从阶级斗争转向社会主义,此起彼伏的政治动员则将土地产权观念引向了绝对平均主义,既巩固着农民的集体意识,也延续了公社制度。由此观之,农地集体化是正式规则的改变,文化观念在其中起到了不可忽视的作用。因此,细致研析制度变迁中的非正式制度因素及其转变机制,将有助于各方学者重新审视新中国成立70年以来农地制度的历次变迁,进而就未来的改革方向提出切实可行的政策建议。
The cultural factors cmbedded in in formal institution could affect the changes of formal institution,which is crucial for us to understand the farmland collctivization in China.In order to probe into this process,the papcr proposes a thcorctical framcwork to show how the statc employcd political mobilization shape peasants'ideas of land property rights and thus influcncc farmland institution.In the early stage of collectivization,the state intended to replace the customary culture of village with the.political discourse of class strugglc,and to invert the peasants'traditional concepts of land by triggering their hidden equalitarianism.As the collctivization proceedcd,the state shi ftcd the political discourse from class strugglc to socialism,.and upgraded equalitarianism to a bsolutc;equalitarianism.This transition had in fact consolidated the peasants'collective consciousness that maintaincd the utopian collectivc institution for a long period.Undoubtedly,political mobilization has not only built the past of the China's farmland institution,but also engraved a starting point for the present land reform.In this sense,the findings of this paper may help scholars understand the current land issues in China and propose reasonable policy suggestions.
出处
《复旦政治学评论》
2021年第1期142-175,共34页
Fudan Political Science Review
关键词
集体化
政治动员
观念
制度变迁
农村土地
Collectivization
Political Mobilization
the Idea of Land Property Rights
Institutional Change
Rural Land
