摘要
近年来,随着数字经济和信息通信技术的不断发展,涌现出大量新型的就业形态,全日制劳动者从事兼职的现象愈发普遍。尽管我国现行劳动法并不禁止劳动者兼职,但是劳动者的兼职行为仍然受到用人单位的诸多约束,司法实践亦对劳动者兼职自由进行不合理限制,原因在于立法和理论未能为劳动者兼职权利的实现提供有效支撑。从域外经验、法理基础和独特价值来看,劳动者兼职自由应为劳动者的一项重要权利。在兼职自由模式下,如果劳动者与兼职单位建立双重或者多重劳动关系,则应将其纳入非典型劳动关系予以保护,并对兼职劳动的工作时间、工伤保险、失业保险等劳动者保护性规则进行重构,以达到更好保障劳动者兼职权益之目的。同时,为了平衡劳动者与用人单位之间的利益,基于劳动者的忠实义务,有必要对劳动者兼职的事由、程序、责任进行合理限制。
In recent years,plenty of new employment forms have emerged as digital economy and ICT develop rapidly,and it has been increasingly common that full-time workers engage in part-time jobs.Although part-time jobs are not prohibited in China’s existing labor law,the part-time behaviors of workers are still largely restricted by employers.Besides,judicial practices have unreasonable restrictions on the part-time liberty of workers,for legislation and theories haven't provided effective support for the fulfillment of workers’part-time rights.From the perspectives of overseas experiences,legal basis,and unique values,the part-time liberty of workers shall be an important right of workers.In the part-time liberty mode,if any laborer establishes dual or multiple labor relations with the employer offering part-time jobs,such relations shall be included in non-typical labor relations and the working hours,employment injury insurance,unemployment insurance,and other protective rules for workers shall be rebuilt to better guarantee the part-time rights and interests of workers.In addition,to balance the benefits between workers and employers,it is necessary to conduct reasonable restrictions on the part-time job causes,procedures,and responsibilities for workers.
出处
《法商研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第4期103-119,共17页
Studies in Law and Business
基金
司法部法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目(21SFB2023)
关键词
兼职
职业选择自由
非典型劳动关系
社会保险
合理限制
part-time job
liberty of career choice
non-typical labor relation
social insurance
reasonable restrictions
