摘要
为研究不同施肥模式对作物产量及重构土体微生物指标的影响。以辣椒作为研究对象,通过田间试验的方式,设置对照(CK),传统施肥(Con)和优化施肥(Opt)3个不同处理,研究其对辣椒产量、农艺性状以及重构土体微生物含量等的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,施肥能显著增加辣椒产量;与Con相比,Opt处理辣椒产量明显更高,其增幅为42.9%;与Con相比,Opt可显著增加辣椒的株高、叶柄长度、茎粗、根系长度,其增幅分别为8.2%、28.0%、16.3%、59.4%;Opt可显著增加土壤微生物细菌、真菌、放线菌的数量,其增幅依次为125.8%、153.8%、37.0%,通过增施生物有机肥,可调控土壤微生物区系总活菌数,进而达到改善重构土体结构的目的。Opt处理净收益达166958元/hm^(2),投入产出比最小,仅为0.054。就经济角度来看,Opt处理是试验条件下的最优处理。在重构土体中,采用优化施肥配施生物有机肥的方式,不仅能有效提高辣椒产量,还能平衡土壤微生物区系,提高土壤活性,增加土壤透气性,进而加速土壤熟化,是一种科学有效的施肥方式。
To study the effects of different fertilization modes on crop yields and microbial indicators of reconstructed soil.In order to study the effects of control(CK),conventional fertilization(Con)and optimized fertilization(Opt)treatments on pepper yield,agronomic traits and microbial content of reconstructed soil,a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of control(CK),conventional fertilization(Con)and optimized fertilization(Opt)treatments on pepper yield,agronomic traits and soil microbial content.The results showed that compared with CK,fertilization could significantly increase the yield of peppers.Compared with Con,the yield of peppers under Opt treatment was significantly higher with an increase of 42.9%;compared with Con,Opt could significantly increase the plant height and petiole length of peppers,stem thickness,root system length,the increase rates were 8.2%,28.0%,16.3%,and 59.4%,respectively.Opt could significantly increase the number of soil microorganisms,bacteria,fungi,and actinomycetes.The increase rates were 125.8%,153.8%,and 37.0%in turn.By increasing the application of bio-organic fertilizers,the total number of viable soil microflora could be regulated and then reached.The purpose of reconstructing the soil structure.The net income of Opt treatment reached 166958 yuan/hm^(2),and the input-output ratio was the smallest,only 0.054.From an economic point of view,Opt treatment was the optimal treatment under the experimental conditions.In the reconstruction of soil,the method of optimimal fertilization and applying bio-organic fertilizer could not only effectively increase the yield of pepper,but also balance the soil microbial flora,improve soil activity,increase soil permeability and accelerate soil maturation,which is a scientific and effective fertilization method.
作者
舒锟
吴得峰
何振嘉
SHU Kun;WU De-feng;HE Zhen-jia(Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710075,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2021年第S02期140-143,183,共5页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司内部科研项目(DJNY2021-4)
关键词
土体有机重构
辣椒
产量
土壤微生物指标
soil organic reconstruction
pepper
yield
soil microbial indicators
