摘要
建立了浙江省雷电灾害(简称雷灾)数据库,对1998—2020年气象部门收集的浙江省雷灾资料进行统计,分析了该地区雷灾的损害类型特征、受灾行业特征及典型雷灾的时空分布特征。资料包含9728起雷灾,其中357起雷灾造成了282人受伤,307人死亡。雷灾的主要损害类别为公用电力电子设备受损(48.33%)和家用电器受损(43.25%),主要受灾行业为制造业(30.35%)、通信(21.14%)和电力(19.73%)。伤亡事故数的高发期(2003—2007年)早于雷灾个数的高发期(2006—2014年);电力、家用电器受损、制造业和通信业雷灾峰值分别出现于2003年、2010年、2011年和2013年;虽然近年雷灾呈减少趋势,但夏季依旧多发。杭州中南部、嘉兴南部、宁波中部、金华北部和温州西北部是雷灾高发地区,其中人员伤亡雷灾多发于浙南地区,制造业雷灾多发于杭州、湖州、宁波和绍兴。农田、树下、水域及其附近、凉亭和简易屋棚是伤亡事故的易发地,城乡灾情差异显著,农村防雷工作尤需加强。
By using lightning disaster data of Zhejiang Province from 1998 to 2020,the characteristics of lightning disasters,damage types and industries are statistically analyzed.The data included 9728 lightning disasters,of which 357 caused 282 injuries and 307 deaths.The main damage categories of lightning disaster were public power electronic equipment(48.33%)and household appliances(43.25%).The main industries affected were manufacturing(30.35%),communication(21.14%)and electric power(19.73%).The high incidence period of casualty accidents(2003-2007)was earlier than that of the number of lightning disasters(2006-2014).The peak value of electric power,household appliances damaged,manufacturing and communication industry lightning disasters occurred in 2003,2010,2011 and 2013 respectively.Although the trend of lightning disaster is decreasing in recent years,it is still frequent in summer.Lightning disaster occurred frequently in central and southern Hangzhou,southern Jiaxing,central Ningbo,northern Jinhua and northwestern Wenzhou.Casualties are mainly distributed in southern Zhejiang,while manufacturing lightning disasters mainly occur in Hangzhou,Huzhou,Ningbo and Shaoxing.Farmland,under trees,water area and its vicinity,pavilions and simple housing sheds are prone to casualty accident.There is a significant difference in disaster situation between urban and rural areas.Lightning protection in rural areas should be especially strengthened.
作者
顾媛
徐震宇
崔雪东
Gu Yuan;Xu Zhenyu;Cui Xuedong(Zhejiang Meteorological Safety Technology Center,Hangzhou 310008,China)
出处
《科技通报》
2021年第7期38-43,共6页
Bulletin of Science and Technology
关键词
雷电灾害
灾情
时空特征
统计分析
lightning disaster
lightning casualties and damages
spatial and temporal characteristics
statistics analysis
