摘要
由于"抢人大战"下的学历落户门槛,我国大城市落户政策带来的劳动力结构已逐渐从传统的城乡二元结构变成由本地劳动力、高素质外地劳动力、普通外地劳动力构成的新三元结构,以增强对高素质外地人才的精确吸引与内引力。然而齐普夫法则的检验结果显示,这种落户政策改良并未支撑起与长三角城市群发展水平相匹配的核心城市规模,长三角城市群层级依旧呈现扁平化特征。进一步实证研究表明,不同层次劳动力间存在随学历落户门槛关联的互补性,当学历落户门槛提高时,普通劳动力的外流同时会导致高素质劳动力的离开。这种互补性会抵消"抢人大战"的政策效果,同时扩大约束城市规模的政策效力,从而进一步压制城市群头部城市的规模,其中次级中心城市受到了更大影响。就城市性质而言,不同等级城市拥有截然不同的人才吸引力与人口规模压力,不仅直接影响户籍制度的制定,而且影响城市内部不同层次劳动力间的互动关系。
Due to the Hukou registration reform of the"the battle for human resources",the labor structure in Chinese metropolises has gradually changed from the traditional urban-rural dual structure to a new three-tier structure consisting of local labor,high-quality non-local labor,and ordinary non-local labor,to enhance the attraction of high-quality foreign talents.However,the test results of Zipf’s Law show that this kind of policy improvement has not supported the core city scale that matches the development level of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration,and the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration still shows flat characteristics.Further empirical studies have shown that there is complementarity between different levels of labor with the educational registration on Hukou system.When the threshold increases,the outflow of ordinary labor will also lead to the departure of high-quality labor.This complementarity will offset the policy effect of the"scrambling for talents"and expand the policy effect of restricting the scale of cities at the same time,thereby further suppressing the size of the head cities of the urban agglomeration and the sub-central cities will be more affected.Concerning the nature of the city,different levels of cities have completely different talent attraction and population pressure,which not only directly affects the formulation of the Hukou registration system,but also affects the interaction between different levels of labor within the city.
作者
张安驰
范从来
Zhang Anchi;Fan Conglai
出处
《南京社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期30-40,共11页
Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences
基金
国家社科基金项目“精准扶贫背景下中国劳动力流动的减贫效应与政策研究”(18BJL124)的阶段性成果
关键词
学历落户门槛
劳动力异质性
长三角城市群
抢人大战
the Educational Registration on Hukou System
Labor heterogeneity
the urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Delta
the battle for human resources
