摘要
目的分析2014-2019年广州市学生肺结核流行特征,为学校结核病防控措施提供建议。方法以结核病信息管理系统、广州市统计年鉴数据为基础,采用描述性流行病学方法对广州市2014-2019年学生肺结核发病情况、分布特征、发现方式和耐药情况进行统计分析。结果广州市2014-2019年累计登记学生肺结核患者3175例,年均发病率为16.89/10万,疫情呈下降趋势。4月份登记病例最多,8月最少。病例主要分布在教育资源发达地区,前5个区依次为天河、番禺、白云、海珠和越秀区,占75.43%。病例的男女性别比为1.32∶1,并且主要集中在≥19岁组(55.28%)。病例主要来源于因症就诊(51.78%)。对406株痰标本分离培养阳性菌株开展传统药敏试验,总耐药率为10.10%,其中耐多药占5.17%。结论广州市2014-2019年学生肺结核疫情总体呈下降趋势,学校作为重点场所,应继续完善联防联控机制,加强学校肺结核疫情监测和主动筛查,进一步推动学校肺结核防控工作。
Objective The purpose of this study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2019,and provide feasible suggestions for the prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis in schools.Methods Data was collected from TB management information system of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and the statistical yearbook data of Guangzhou from 2014 to 2019.Descriptive analysis was conducted on the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among students including incidence,distribution characteristics,discovery methods,and treatment outcome in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2019.Results A total of 3175 cases of students with pulmonary tuberculosis were registered in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2019;the morbidity was decreased with an average annual morbidity of 16.89/100000.Most cases were reported at April,while least was registered at August.The reported cases were mainly distributed in Tianhe,Panyu,Baiyun,Haizhu and Yuexiu districts,which were developed education areas and contained 75.43%of the total cases.The ratio of male and female cases was 1.32:1,and most of the cases were at least 19 years old(55.28%).The cases were primary originated from consultations due to clinical symptoms.406 positive strains of sputum bacterial culture received traditional drug sensitivity test;in which,10.10%were drug resistance and 5.17%were multi-drug resistance.Conclusions The epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2019 showed a declining trend.As a key place,schools should continue to improve the joint prevention and control measures,strengthen the monitoring and active screening of pulmonary tuberculosis case,and further promote the prevention and control work of pulmonary tuberculosis.
作者
雷宇
杜雨华
赖铿
林莹
杨洁莹
钟芷晴
郑柏宁
沈鸿程
LEI Yu;DU Yu⁃hua;LAI Keng;LIN Ying;YANG Jie⁃ying;ZHONG Zhi⁃qing;ZHENG Bo⁃ning;SHEN Hong⁃cheng(Guangzhou Chest Hospital,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510095,China)
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2022年第1期133-136,共4页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
“十三五”国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10715004-002-017)
广东省转化医学创新平台培育建设项目(粤卫函[2018]1254号)
广州市高水平临床重点专科和培育专科建设项目(穗卫函[2019]1555号)
广州市卫生健康科技重大项目(2020A031003)
关键词
学校
肺结核
流行特征
School
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Epidemiological characteristics
