摘要
目的老年人健康管理是国家基本公共卫生服务的重点,随着我国社会老龄化,各类慢性病严重影响老年人生活质量,近年来肝胆系统疾病引起社会关注。本研究了解宁波市离退休人员肝胆系统疾病现状,为老年人肝胆系统疾病的防治提供依据。方法选择2014-2018年宁波市鄞州区明楼街道社区卫生服务中心体检的离退休人员为调查对象,比较不同性别、年龄间肝胆系统异常检出率,并进行异常检出率趋势分析。结果2014-2018年明楼街道社区卫生服务中心共完成企业退休人员体检23739人次,男7911人次,女15828人次;年龄<60岁7796人次,60~70岁10332人次,>70岁5611人次。肝胆系统异常前6位分别为脂肪肝、肝囊肿、胆道系统结石、胆囊息肉、谷丙转氨酶增高和谷草转氨酶增高,检出率分别为27.69%、20.95%、11.55%、7.46%、6.05%和2.52%;肝囊肿(χ^(2)=37.878,P<0.001)、胆道系统结石(χ^(2)=7.738,P=0.005)和胆囊息肉(χ^(2)=6.110,P=0.014)等异常检出率男性大于女性,谷丙转氨酶增高(χ^(2)=30.086,P<0.001)女性大于男性,差异有统计学意义。不同年龄间脂肪肝(χ^(2)=314.552,P<0.001)、肝囊肿(χ^(2)=220.428,P<0.001)、胆道系统结石(χ^(2)=319.757,P<0.001)、胆囊息肉(χ^(2)=68.936,P<0.001)、谷丙转氨酶增高(χ^(2)=43.282,P<0.001)和谷草转氨酶增高(χ^(2)=11.153,P=0.004)的异常检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义。近年来脂肪肝(χ^(2)=-4.513,P<0.001)和谷丙转氨酶增高(χ^(2)=-5.919,P<0.001)检出率出现下降趋势,肝囊肿(χ^(2)=5.246,P<0.001)、胆管结石(χ^(2)=2.235,P=0.025)、胆囊息肉(χ^(2)=8.425,P<0.001)和谷草转氨酶增高(χ^(2)=9.424,P<0.001)检出率均出现增高趋势,线性趋势检验差异有统计学意义。结论宁波市离退休人员肝胆系统异常检出率较高,多项异常指标的检出率存在明显上升趋势,应提高老年人对肝胆系统疾病认识并采取相应的防治措施。
OBJECTIVE Elderly health management is the focus of basic public health services in our country,with the acceleration of the aging of our society,various chronic diseases increase the economic burden and affect the quality of life of the elderly seriously,the high incidence of hepatobiliary system diseases has caused social concern.The study aimed to understand the hepatobiliary diseases of retired people in Ningbo and provided a basis for the prevention and treatment of hepatobiliary diseases in the elderly.METHODS The retired people who had physical examination in minglou street community health service center of Yinzhou District,Ningbo City from 2014 to 2018 were selected as the objects of investigation.The detection rate of abnormal hepatobiliary system was compared between different genders and ages,and the trend of detection rate of abnormal hepatobiliary system was analyzed.RESULTS The community health service center of Minglou street from 2014 to 2018 completed a total of 23739 retirees’examinations,7911 males,15828 females,7976 people in group age<60 years old,10332 people in group 60-70 years old,5611 people in group>70 years old.Among them,fatty liver,hepatic cyst,biliary stone,gallbladder polyp,increased alanine transaminase and glutamate transaminase were the top six abnormalities in the hepatobiliary system,with detection rates of 27.69%,20.95%,11.55%,7.46%,6.05%and 2.52%;the abnormal detection rate of liver cyst(χ^(2)=37.878,P<0.001),choledocholithiasis(χ^(2)=7.738,P=0.005)and gallbladder polyp(χ^(2)=6.110,P=0.014)was higher in men than in women,and the increase of alanine aminotransferase(χ^(2)=30.086,P<0.001)was higher in women than in men.The abnormal detection rates of fatty liver(χ^(2)=314.552,P<0.001),hepatic cyst(χ^(2)=220.428,P<0.001),choledocholithiasis(χ^(2)=319.757,P<0.001),gallbladder polyp(χ^(2)=68.936,P<0.001),glutamic pyruvate transaminase(χ^(2)=43.282,P<0.001)and glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase(χ^(2)=11.153,P=0.004)were statistically significant.In recent years,the detection rates of fatty liver(χ^(2)=-4.513,P<0.001)and alanine aminotransferase(χ^(2)=-5.919,P<0.001)decreased,liver cyst(χ^(2)=5.246,P<0.001),bile duct stone(χ^(2)=2.235,P=0.025),gallbladder polyp(χ^(2)=8.425,P<0.001)and glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase(χ^(2)=9.424,P<0.001)increased,and the linear trend test had statistical significance.CONCLUSION The abnormal detection rate of hepatobiliary system of retired people in Ningbo is high,and there is an obvious rising trend in the detection rate of a number of abnormal indicators.
作者
姚青奎
李冬梅
王嘉祥
黄玉琴
YAO Qing-kui;LI Dong-mei;WANG Jia-xiang;HUANG Yu-qin(Department of Chronic Disease Management,Minglou Community Health Service Center,Yinzhou District,Ningbo 315040,P.R.China;School of Public Health,Suzhou University,Suzhou215100,P.R.China)
出处
《社区医学杂志》
CAS
2020年第22期1497-1500,共4页
Journal Of Community Medicine
关键词
离退休人员
肝胆系统疾病
老年人
健康体检
retired persons
hepatobiliary diseases
the elderly
physical examination
