摘要
通过大田实验,考察春夏两个典型干旱季节党参田补充灌溉对党参产量、质量的影响,为产地西移后党参高效生产奠定理论基础。选择前茬为豌豆茬作为试验田,设置不同灌溉处理模式,随机区组栽培。10月采收后测量性状数量指标,烘干后测量干物质量和药材性状数量指标;参照中国药典方法对浸出物含量进行测定;采用紫外分光光度法测定多糖含量;采用HPLC测定党参炔苷和白术内酯Ⅲ的含量。结果表明党参产量整体表现为SA>S>A>CK>X1≈X2,春夏两季均进行补充灌溉产量最大,是对照组产量的4倍,决定产量的两个主要因素是春季出苗率和单株产量;在性状质量方面表现趋势和产量一致,整体表现为SA>S>A>CK>X1≈X2;在有效物质含量方面,浸出物和多糖含量变化趋势一致,表现为X1<CK≈X2<S<A<SA;党参炔苷和白术内酯Ⅲ的含量表现为和浸出物相反的趋势X1≈X2>CK>S>A>SA;折算四个有效物质检测指标的总产量则变化趋势和党参产量变化趋势一致。补充灌溉可显著提高党参的产量和性状品质,虽一定程度降低了党参药材中有效物质的含量,但提高了单位面积有效物质的产量。春夏两季均补充灌溉效果最佳,但以春季补充灌溉获益最大,可在干旱地区党参生产中推广。
Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of supplementary irrigation on the yield and quality of Codonopsis Radix in spring and summer,two typical dry seasons in production,for laying a theoretical foundation for efficient production of Codonopsis Radix.The former stubble was selected as pea stubble as experimental plot,and different irrigation treatments were set up by randomized block design.The quantitative indexes of the traits of Codonopsis Radix were measured after harvest in October,and the weight of dry matter and the quantitative index of Codonopsis Radix properties were measured after drying.The content of extract was determined by the method of Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the content of polysaccharide was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry,and the content of Lobetyolin and Atractylodes III was determined by HPLC.The results show that yield of Codonopsis Radix is SA>S>A>CK>X1≈X2 as a whole.The yield of Codonopsis Radix which treated by supplementary irrigation in the two seasons of spring and summer is the largest,which is 4 times that of the control group.The two main factors determining yield are emergence rate in spring and yield per plant.The trend of character quality of Codonopsis Radix as a whole is consistent with yield,which is SA>S>A>CK>X1≈X2.In terms of the content of effective substances,the change trend of extracts and polysaccharides was the same,showing X1<CK≈X2<S<A<SA.The content of Lobetyolin and Atractylodes III showed a opposite trend to that of the extract,X1 X2>CK>S>A>SA.The change trend of total yield of four effective substances in whole plot is consistent with yield of Codonopsis Radix.Supplemental irrigation can significantly increase yield and quality of Codonopsis Radix.To a certain extent supplementary irrigation reduced the content of effective substances in Codonopsis Radix,but increased the total yield of effective substances per unit area.The effect of supplementary irrigation in spring and summer was the best.And the benefit of supplementary irrigation in spring was the most,which could be popularized in the production of Codonopsis Radix in arid areas.
作者
刘莎
刘兴艳
孙佩
张琦
吴发明
LIU Sha;LIU Xing-yan;SUN Pei;ZHANG Qi;WU Fa-ming(Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi Guizhou 563003,China;Industrial Crop Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Chengdu Sichuan 610300,China;Yuxi Agricultural Product Quality Safety Inspection and Testing Center,Yuxi,Yunnan 653100,China)
出处
《时珍国医国药》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期2488-2491,共4页
Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research
基金
国家自然科学基金(81760679)
贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2017]196)
关键词
党参
干旱
补充灌溉
产量
质量
Codonopsis Radix
Drought
Supplementary irrigation
Yield
Quality
