摘要
2019年最高人民法院《全国法院民商事审判工作会议纪要》以及2021年施行的《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国民法典〉有关担保制度的解释》蕴含的越权代表制度使得适用“借助规范属性认定公司非关联性越权担保合同效力的思路”的可能性破灭,这有利于平息理论纷争和统一适法路径。然而,越权代表制下的司法解释规定存在规范逻辑不周延、公司责任泛化等问题。无权代理制度具有类推适用于越权代表制度的正当性,可以对相对人主观条件进行区分,进而能够类型化分析公司对外越权担保合同的法律效果以及使法律主体权利义务得以具体化。适逢《公司法》修订,应努力推动公司越权担保制度在立法层面的完善。
The Supreme People’s Court’s Minutes of the National Conference of Civil and Commercial Courts in 2019 and the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on the Application of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China Concerning the Security System in 2021 have eliminated the possibility of applying the idea of“determining the effectiveness of the company’s non-related ultra vires guarantee contract with the help of normative attributes”,which is conducive to quelling theoretical disputes and unifying the applicable law path.However,the judicial interpretation of the ultra-delegable representation system may cause problems such as the lack of normative logic,and the generalization of corporate liability.The unauthorized agency system has the legitimacy of analogy applicable to the ultra vires representative system.It can distinguish the subjective conditions of the opposite party,and then analyze the legal effect of the company’s ultra vires guarantee contract and concretize the rights and obligations of the legal subject.As the Company Law is being revised,efforts should be made to promote the improvement of the corporate ultra vires guarantee system at the legislative level.
作者
赵常伟
吴瑞东
Zhao Changwei;Wu Ruidong(School of Law,Shandong University,Shandong 266200,China;Tianjin People’s Procuratorate,Tianjin 300222,China)
出处
《天津法学》
2021年第4期92-101,共10页
Tianjin Legal Science
关键词
公司担保
合同效力
越权代表
无权代理
corporate guarantee
contractual effectiveness
ultra vires representation
unauthorized agency
