摘要
为预防催化剂微反评价试验安全事故的发生,基于瑞士奶酪模型构建包含设备、人员和环境多因素防御屏障的立体安全屏障模型,该模型具有耗散结构特征和突变特征;探讨典型催化剂微反评价试验操作过程中设备、人员和环境3类防御屏障的缺陷和漏洞,分析催化剂评价试验操作失误的原因,发现设备取样口设计不合理,安全操作规程不完善、人员操作执行不到位,取样环境狭窄等缺陷为主要因素。结合管理类因素给出减少3类防御屏障缺陷和提升屏障质量的措施。研究结果表明:多因素立体安全屏障模型可以用于催化剂微反评价试验操作过程的安全风险识别和管控,利用该模型分析安全事故和安全事件,可以识别评价试验操作过程的安全风险,提升催化剂评价试验运行水平。
In order to prevent the occurrence of catalyst micro reaction evaluation test safety accidents,the Swiss cheese model was used to build a stereoscopic safety barrier model of multi-factor defense barriers.The safety barrier model included three types of barriers:equipment,personnel and environment.The model had the characteristics of dissipative structure and mutation.The safety barrier model was used to discuss the defects and loopholes of the three types of defense barriers in the typical catalyst micro reaction evaluation test:equipment,personnel and environment.The reasons for the cases of operating errors in the catalyst evaluation test were analyzed.It was found that the main factors were the unreasonable design of the equipment sampling port,the imperfect and inadequate implementation of the safety operation procedures,and the narrow sampling environment.Combined with management factors,measures to reduce the defects of three types of defense barriers and improve the quality of barriers were given.The multifactor three-dimensional safety barrier model established in this paper could be used to identify and control the safety risks in the operation process of the catalyst micro reaction evaluation test.The model was used to analyze safety accidents and incidents,identify and evaluate the safety risks in the test operation process,and improve the operation level of the catalyst evaluation test.
作者
高鹏
张小涛
刘延鑫
靳杰
GAO Peng;ZHANG Xiaotao;LIU Yanxin;JIN Jie(Research and Development Support Center(EHS Management Center),National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy,Beijing 102209,China)
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第S02期32-37,共6页
China Safety Science Journal
关键词
安全屏障模型
微反评价装置
试验操作
风险管控
瑞士奶酪模型
safety barrier model
micro reaction evaluation device
test operation
risk control
Swiss cheese model
