摘要
14世纪成书的伏藏名著《五部遗教》的材料来源十分丰富,包括可以追溯到敦煌时期的古代材料。本文发现《五部遗教·大臣遗教》第29章的一部分内容是改编自14世纪前期成书的《邬坚巴传》所记录的一段邬坚巴·仁钦贝的讲话。本是邬坚巴为旧译密咒和息解派所作的辩护,被掘藏师创造性地改造为莲花生的伏藏理论。本文重构了13世纪80年代山南的涅地区的蒙藏交往的政治背景,分析了邬坚巴的原始讲话,以此考察文本间的继承和变化关系。这一文本关系不仅告诉我们《五部遗教》积极地吸收蒙元时期的新知识与修辞,而且提供了难得的有关《邬坚巴传》如何被阅读和利用的信息。我们可以就此反思伏藏材料对于研究思想史的价值。
Inquiries into the textual sources for O rgyan gling pa's influential treasure cycle,the Bka'thang sde lnga,have long fascinated scholars.It is now widely accepted that it contains authentic ancient materials.This paper identifies a passage in the twenty-ninth chapter of the Blon po bka'thang as being an adaptation of a speech preserved in a fourteenth-century biography of U rgyan pa Rin chen dpal(1230-1309).The intertextual relationship lies hidden,as O rgyan gling pa transfers U rgyan pa's diction and metaphors from its original context into the mouth of the legendary eighth-century figure Padmasambhava.Furthermore,the speech was modified from a general defense of the traditions of Rnying ma,gter ma,and Zhi byed traditions to a specific defense of the gter ma.This identification not only adds a fourteenth-century material to the current pool of the known textual sources of the Bka'thang sde lnga,but it also gives us an example of creative textual reuse and the microscopic manner of in which this treasure-revealer compiled his work.Furthermore,the inter-textuality offers us a rare opportunity to reflect on the readership and reception of U rgyan pa's biography,as well as on the transmission of polemical rhetoric in general.
作者
孙鹏浩
Sun Penghao(Doctoral Student,Harvard University)
出处
《藏学学刊》
2022年第1期184-198,274,共16页
Journal of Tibetology
