摘要
学界多将发生在埃及古王国末期的一次严重旱灾所造成的影响与古王国的没落和王权的崩溃相联系,认为无法应对旱灾是古王国没落的重要原因甚至是唯一原因。事实上,通过重新对旱灾所发生的具体时间的梳理,可以发现旱灾并非导致古王国衰落的唯一元凶,双方之间也并非简单的因果关系。该时期的此类自然灾害和其对王权所造成的影响涉及了一个复杂的过程。而从旱灾应对的视角出发,可以发现这场灾害不仅持续的时间较长;而且在应对灾害时,由于特定的农业生产模式及历史背景,以诺姆长为首的地方官员成为应对干旱的主要力量,在客观上这也对古埃及统一的王权造成进一步削弱,导致第一中间期埃及的分裂与内乱。
Most scholars have linked the effects of this drought to the fall of the Old Kingdom and the collapse of kingship,suggesting that the inability of kingship to cope with the drought was a major,if not the only,reason for the fall of the Old Kingdom.In fact,by re-examining the exact timing of the drought,it can be seen that the drought was not the culprit behind the decline of the Old Kingdom,and that the relationship between the two was not a simple one of cause and effect.A complex process was involved between the drought and its impact on kingship.From the perspective of drought response,we can find that this disaster not only lasted for a long time;when responding to the disaster,due to the specific agricultural production model and historical background,local officials headed by Nomarch became the main force in responding to the drought.Objectively,this would further weaken the royal power of ancient Egyptian Pharaoh,leading to division and civil strife during the First Intermediate Period.
出处
《中东研究》
2024年第1期147-160,381,共15页
Middle East Studies
关键词
埃及
古王国时期
旱灾
诺姆长
Egypt
Ancient Kingdom Period
Drought
Nomarch
